Input and dispersion of nutrients from the Jeddah Metropolitan Area, Red Sea

Peña-García, David; Ladwig, Norbert; Turki, Adnan J.; Mudarris, M.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.052

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The significant heat flux results in strong vertical stratification throughout most of the sea, contributing to its overall oligotrophy. Although anthropogenic point sources of nutrients alter the ecology of coral reef biota and the plankton biodiversity on the shelf of the Red Sea (Kürten et al, 2014b;Kürten et al, 2014a), nutrients become diluted and depleted to background concentrations within a few kilometers toward the open Red Sea (Peña-García et al, 2014). Hence, the mid-basin pelagic water body largely reflects the natural macronutrient dynamics attributable to the hydrography of the Red Sea, rather than being influenced by an array of complex land-based sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of pelagic zooplankton elucidate ecohydrographic features in the oligotrophic Red Sea

Kürten

Al-Aidaroos

Kurten

et al. 2016

Progress in Oceanography

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Please cite this article as: Kürten, B., Al-Aidaroos, A.M., Kürten, S., El-Sherbiny, M.M., Devassy, R.P., Struck, U., Zarokanellos, N., Jones, B.H., Hansen, T., Bruss, G., Sommer, U., Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of pelagic zooplankton elucidate ecohydrographic features in the oligotrophic Red Sea, Progress in Oceanography (2015), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean. 2015.11.003 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. only by the thermohaline circulation, but also by mesoscale activities that transports nutrients to the upper water layers and interact with the general circulation pattern. Ecohydrographic features of the Red Sea, therefore, aid in explaining the observed configurations of isoscapes at the macroecological scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of pelagic zooplankton elucidate ecohydrographic features in the oligotrophic Red Sea

Kürten

Al-Aidaroos

Kurten

et al. 2016

Progress in Oceanography

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“…Potentially, reef sediments (Millero et al, 2001) or organisms in the water column and the surrounding benthos took up PO 3− 4 too quickly as P was stated crucial (Cuet et al, 2011) and limiting (Lapointe, Littler & Littler, 1992;Eyre, Glud & Patten, 2008;Kürten et al, 2014) for primary production in coral reefs. However, we acknowledge dissimilar findings on the limiting roles of N and P in the central Red Sea (Peña-García et al, 2014). The understanding of P cycling and limitation in coral reef environments is still in its infancy , but PO 3− 4 could have been limiting for significant N uptake in zooxanthellae (Godinot et al, 2011).…”

Section: Uptake Of Excess N By Major Benthic Functional Groupsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The young and isolated Red Sea, with its thriving coral reefs, is highly oligotrophic, particularly in the subtropical central and northern areas (Raitsos et al, 2013;Sawall et al, 2014b;Kürten et al, 2014;Roth et al, 2018). However, nutrient inputs to the Red Sea from aquaculture (Loya et al, 2004;Kürten et al, 2015;Dunne, 2018;Hozumi et al, 2018) and urban waste water (Basaham et al, 2009;Al-Farawati, 2010;Kürten et al, 2014;Peña-García et al, 2014) affect marine life (Loya et al, 2004;Mohamed & Mesaad, 2007;Basaham et al, 2009;Naumann et al, 2015). At the same time, the expansion of aquaculture industries in view of the Saudi Arabian coastal development agenda (https://vision2030.gov.sa/en/node), and growing urban sources, for example, from the city of Jeddah with about 4.6 Mio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant parts of the city rely on septic tanks for wastewater which can be a source of nutrients and pollutants through leakages into the groundwater (Abu-Rizaiza & Sarikaya, 1993;Aljoufie & Tiwari, 2015). Moreover, the discharge of insufficiently treated sewage from marine outfalls (i.e., pipe discharge) as a point-source (Risk et al, 2009b;Al-Farawati, 2010) was already shown to raise near-shore N availability (Sawall et al, 2014b), affect planktonic (Pearman et al, 2018) and coral (Ziegler et al, 2016) microbial communities and reach nearby reefs (Risk et al, 2009b;Peña-García et al, 2014). As nutrients, among several stressors, have the largest effect on Red Sea hard coral resilience to climate change (Hall et al, 2018), a deeper understanding of the community response to eutrophication is fundamental.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen eutrophication particularly promotes turf algae in coral reefs of the central Red Sea

Karcher

Roth

Carvalho

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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While various sources increasingly release nutrients to the Red Sea, knowledge about their effects on benthic coral reef communities is scarce. Here, we provide the first comparative assessment of the response of all major benthic groups (hard and soft corals, turf algae and reef sands—together accounting for 80% of the benthic reef community) to in-situ eutrophication in a central Red Sea coral reef. For 8 weeks, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations were experimentally increased 3-fold above environmental background concentrations around natural benthic reef communities using a slow release fertilizer with 15% total nitrogen (N) content. We investigated which major functional groups took up the available N, and how this changed organic carbon (Corg) and N contents using elemental and stable isotope measurements. Findings revealed that hard corals (in their tissue), soft corals and turf algae incorporated fertilizer N as indicated by significant increases in δ15N by 8%, 27% and 28%, respectively. Among the investigated groups, Corg content significantly increased in sediments (+24%) and in turf algae (+33%). Altogether, this suggests that among the benthic organisms only turf algae were limited by N availability and thus benefited most from N addition. Thereby, based on higher Corg content, turf algae potentially gained competitive advantage over, for example, hard corals. Local management should, thus, particularly address DIN eutrophication by coastal development and consider the role of turf algae as potential bioindicator for eutrophication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Nitrogen eutrophication particularly promotes turf algae in coral reefs of the central Red Sea (v0.1)"

2020

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While various sources increasingly release nutrients to the Red Sea, knowledge about their effects on benthic coral reef communities is scarce. Here, we provide the first comparative assessment of the response of all major benthic groups (hard and soft corals, turf algae, and reef sands-together accounting for 80 % of the benthic reef community) to in-situ eutrophication in a central Red Sea coral reef. For eight weeks, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations were experimentally increased 3-fold above environmental background concentrations around natural benthic reef communities using a slow release fertilizer with 15 % total nitrogen (N) content. We investigated which major functional groups took up the available N, and how this changed organic carbon (C org) and N contents using elemental and stable isotope measurements. Findings revealed that hard corals (in their tissue), soft corals, and turf algae incorporated fertilizer N as indicated by significant increases in δ 15 N by 8 %, 27 % and 28 %, respectively. Among the investigated groups, C org content significantly increased in sediments (+24 %) and in turf algae (+33 %). Altogether, this suggests that among the benthic organisms only turf algae were limited by N availability and thus benefited most from N addition. Thereby, based on higher C org content, turf algae potentially gained competitive advantage over e.g. hard corals. Local management should, thus, particularly address DIN eutrophication by coastal development and consider the role of turf algae as potential bioindicator for eutrophication.

show abstract

Input and dispersion of nutrients from the Jeddah Metropolitan Area, Red Sea

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of pelagic zooplankton elucidate ecohydrographic features in the oligotrophic Red Sea

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of pelagic zooplankton elucidate ecohydrographic features in the oligotrophic Red Sea

Nitrogen eutrophication particularly promotes turf algae in coral reefs of the central Red Sea

Peer Review #1 of "Nitrogen eutrophication particularly promotes turf algae in coral reefs of the central Red Sea (v0.1)"

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