Insects in Flower Heads of Aspilia foliacea (Asteraceae) after a Fire in a Central Brazilian Savanna: Evidence for the Plant Vigor Hypothesis

Prada, Manrique; Marini-Filho, Onildo João; Price, Peter W.

doi:10.2307/2388965

Cited by 63 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…This is the fi rst evidence we are aware of that fl oral antagonists can be affected by abiotic factors in a manner similar to leaf herbivores, although we note that fl orivores did not increase as other fl oral antagonisms did. Previous work found more fl orivores on Aspilia foliacea with extra nitrogen due to fi re, but did not measure fl orivore damage ( Prada et al, 1995 ); depending on how nitrogen affected plant growth, per fl ower damage could be increased, unaffected, or decreased as we found.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Abiotic conditions affect floral antagonists and mutualists of Impatiens capensis (Balsaminaceae)

Gorden

Adler

2013

American J of Botany

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• Premise of the study: While the effect of abiotic factors on leaf herbivory is well known, the relative importance of abiotic conditions influencing both mutualists and antagonists is less well understood. Species interactions could enhance or reduce the direct effects of abiotic factors, depending on how mutualists and antagonists respond to abiotic conditions.• Methods: We manipulated soil nutrients and shade in a factorial design and measured soil moisture in the annual Impatiens capensis. We then measured interactions with mutualists (two pollinating species) and antagonists (herbivores, florivores, nectar thieves, and flower bud gallers), as well as plant growth, floral rewards, and plant reproduction.• Key results: Fertilizer increased plant growth, floral attractiveness, mutualist and antagonist interactions, and plant reproduction. Shade had no effects, and soil moisture was negatively associated with plant growth and reproduction. All effects were additive. Mutualist and antagonist floral interactions both increased on fertilized plants, but antagonists increased at a greater rate, leading to a larger ratio of antagonist to mutualist interactions on fertilized plants. Despite having more antagonists, fertilized plants still had significantly higher reproduction, suggesting higher tolerance to antagonists.• Conclusions: Abiotic effects can have consistent effects on antagonists and mutualists, and on both floral and leaf antagonists. However, tolerance to antagonisms increased in favorable conditions. Thus, the direct positive effects of favorable abiotic conditions on plants outweighed negative indirect effects via increased antagonisms, which may lead to selection to grow in high‐nutrient microsites in spite of increased herbivory.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Abiotic conditions affect floral antagonists and mutualists of Impatiens capensis (Balsaminaceae)

Gorden

Adler

2013

American J of Botany

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“…Certain plants are adapted to the conditions provided by continuous forest (i.e., higher humidity, lower temperature, photosynthetically active radiation and wind speed) (Young andMitchell 1994, Chen et al 1995). However, changes in abiotic conditions due to fragmentation may be stressful for these plants (Fernandes and Price 1988), reducing plant vigor (i.e., reduction in growth rate, and production of leaves, shoots and reproductive structures) (Price 1991, Saunders et al 1991, Prada et al 1995. Some studies show that gall inducing insects prefer vigorously growing plants or plant modv www.esajournals.org ules (e.g., leaves or shoots) (Price 1991, Preszler and Price 1995, Cornelissen et al 2008, hence, it is expected that gall inducing insects are less abundant or diverse in small patches if plants are more stressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gall wasp community response to fragmentation of oak tree species: importance of fragment size and isolated trees

Maldonado-López

Cuevas‐Reyes

Stone³

et al. 2015

Ecosphere

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We explore the impact of habitat fragmentation on interactions between keystone resources of forest trees—oaks, genus Quercus (Fagaceae)—and an associated radiation of specialist cynipid gall wasps. Habitat fragmentation is predicted to have bottom‐up impacts on cynipid communities through impacts on host plant quality (plant vigor hypothesis). We explored the bottom‐up impacts on cynipid communities of habitat fragment size, fragment edge effects and presence of isolated oaks. We quantified temporal and spatial variation of leaves produced in the canopy to quantify plant vigor, and surveyed cynipid gall species abundance and richness over three years using 15 permanent forest patches and 25 isolated oaks in a fragmented oak woodland landscape in central Mexico. Cynipid gall abundance and species richness were higher in isolated oaks and small woodland fragments than in larger ones. Cynipid abundance and species richness were also higher along fragment edges in comparison with fragment interiors. This contrasts with patterns observed in other taxa. In addition, host plant quality was higher in isolated trees, in smaller fragments and along fragment edges. We therefore hypothesize that observed patterns in cynipid abundance and species richness are driven by changes in host plant quality due to forest fragmentation. Our data represent a baseline for longer‐term monitoring of fragmentation effects at a landscape scale. Further work is required to explore alternative potential explanations for observed patterns, including the estimation of potential top‐down impacts of fragmentation mediated by natural enemies.

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“…The effects of fire on the structure, composition and diversity of plants in the cerrado are far more extensively documented [8][9][10][11][12] than the effects on the fauna [13][14][15]. The knowledge of the effects of fire on insect herbivores and their natural enemies is even more limited [3,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accidental Fire in the Cerrado: Its Impact on Communities of Caterpillars on Two Species ofErythroxylum

Lepesqueur

Morais

Diniz

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Among the mechanisms that influence herbivorous insects, fires, a very frequent historical phenomenon in the cerrado, appear to be an important modifying influence on lepidopteran communities. The purpose of this study was to compare the richness, abundance, frequency, and composition of species of caterpillars in two adjacent areas of cerrado sensu stricto, one recently burned and one unburned since 1994, on the experimental farm "FazendaÁgua Limpa" (FAL) (15 • 55 S and 47 • 55 W), DF, Brazil. Caterpillars were surveyed on two plant species, genus Erythroxylum: E. deciduum A. St.-Hil. and E. tortuosum Mart. (Erythroxylaceae). We inspected a total of 4,196 plants in both areas, and 972 caterpillars were found on 13.3% of these plants. The number of plants with caterpillars (frequency) differed significantly between the areas. The results indicate that recent and accidental fires have a positive effect on the abundance of caterpillars up to one year postfire, increase the frequency of caterpillars associated with Erythroxylum species in the cerrado and do not affect the richness of caterpillars on these plants. Moreover, the fires change the species composition of caterpillars by promoting an increase in rare or opportunistic species.

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Insects in Flower Heads of Aspilia foliacea (Asteraceae) after a Fire in a Central Brazilian Savanna: Evidence for the Plant Vigor Hypothesis

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Abiotic conditions affect floral antagonists and mutualists of Impatiens capensis (Balsaminaceae)

Abiotic conditions affect floral antagonists and mutualists of Impatiens capensis (Balsaminaceae)

Gall wasp community response to fragmentation of oak tree species: importance of fragment size and isolated trees

Accidental Fire in the Cerrado: Its Impact on Communities of Caterpillars on Two Species ofErythroxylum

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