Insert gas entrapment in films produced by ion-assisted physical vapour deposition processes

Grigorov, G.; Martev, I.N.

doi:10.1016/0040-6090(88)90320-3

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Captured carbon from reprocessing could supplement the carbon source used in processing, typically in the form of methyltrichlorosilane, CH 3 SiCl 3 (Jiangang et al 2006). Gaseous fission products, such as Xe and Kr, could be injected onto the surface with low energy ion guns or leaked into processing chamber (Grigorov, and Martev 1988). The radioactive C would be incorporated directly into the SiC structure (see Section ), while Xe and Kr would be incorporated interstitially, trapped at processing defects, or trapped in small bubbles that may form during processing.…”

Section: Silicon Carbide For Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processes for Removal and Immobilization of 14C, 129I, and 85Kr

Strachan¹,

Bryan²,

Henager³

et al. 2009

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There are methods that are current candidates for the removal and immobilization of 14 C, 129 I, and 85 Kr. These methods have been outlined by Gombert (Gombert II 2007) and are not covered in this white paper. The methods covered here are those suggested by the current state-of-the-art science that show promise for the removal or immobilization of these isotopes from an advanced fuel cycle reprocessing plant. For the purposes of this white paper, all processes suggested by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory scientists are considered. The number of these processes to be actively investigated is reduced through a preliminary grading so that a small research project can be carried out to obtain a data set with which further decisions about these technologies can be made. Some of the technologies considered here are only immobilization methods, while some are both removal and immobilization methods.

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Section: Silicon Carbide For Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processes for Removal and Immobilization of 14C, 129I, and 85Kr

Strachan¹,

Bryan²,

Henager³

et al. 2009

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“…Gaseous fission products, such as Xe and Kr, could be injected onto the surface with low energy ion guns or leaked into processing chamber (Grigorov and Martev 1988). One prior study indicated that up to 20 atomic % Ar could be entrained during PVD of Ti-films (Grigorov and Martev 1988). It is anticipated that equivalent amounts for Xe and Kr could be entrained within CVD or PVD SiC.…”

Section: Summary Report For the Development Of Materials For Volatilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Captured carbon from reprocessing could supplement the carbon source used in processing, typically in the form of methyltrichlorosilane, CH 3 SiCl 3 (Jiangang et al 2006). Gaseous fission products, such as Xe and Kr, could be injected onto the surface with low energy ion guns or leaked into processing chamber (Grigorov and Martev 1988). One prior study indicated that up to 20 atomic % Ar could be entrained during PVD of Ti-films (Grigorov and Martev 1988).…”

Section: Summary Report For the Development Of Materials For Volatilementioning

confidence: 99%

Summary Report for the Development of Materials for Volatile Radionuclides

Strachan¹,

Chun²,

Henager³

et al. 2010

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SUMMARYThe materials development summarized here is in support of the Waste Forms campaign, Volatile Radionuclide task. Specifically, materials are being developed for the removal and immobilization of iodine and krypton, specifically 129 I and 85 Kr.During FY 2010, aerogel materials were investigated for removal and immobilization of 129 I. Two aerogel formulations were investigated, one based on silica aerogels and the second on chalcogen-based aerogels (i.e., chalcogels). For 85 Kr, metal organic framework (MOF) structures were investigated.

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“…Gaseous fission products, such as Xe and Kr, could be injected into the surface with low-energy ion guns or leaked into processing chamber (Grigorov and Martev 1988). One prior study indicated that up to 20 atomic% Ar could be entrained during PVD of Ti-films (Grigorov and Martev 1988). It is anticipated that equivalent amounts for Xe and Kr could be entrained within CVD or PVD SiC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Captured carbon from reprocessing could supplement the carbon source used in processing, typically in the form of methyltrichlorosilane, CH 3 SiCl 3 (Jiangang et al 2006). Gaseous fission products, such as Xe and Kr, could be injected into the surface with low-energy ion guns or leaked into processing chamber (Grigorov and Martev 1988). One prior study indicated that up to 20 atomic% Ar could be entrained during PVD of Ti-films (Grigorov and Martev 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary Report on the Volatile Radionuclide and Immobilization Research for FY2011 at PNNL

Strachan¹,

Chun²,

Matyáš³

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYMaterials were developed and tested in support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Energy, Fuel Cycle Technology Separations and Waste Forms Campaign. Specifically, materials are being developed for the removal and immobilization of iodine and krypton from gaseous products of nuclear fuel reprocessing unit operations.During FY 2011, aerogel materials were investigated for removal and immobilization of 129 I. Two aerogel formulations were investigated, one based on functionalized silica and the second on chalcogenbased glasses (i.e., chalcogels). A silica aerogel was tested at ORNL for total I 2 sorption capacity. It was determined to have 48 mass% capacity while having little physisorbed I 2 (I 2 not chemically bound within the aerogel). Metal organic framework (MOF) structures were investigated for the removal and storage of Kr and a new MOF with about 8 mass% capacity for Xe and Kr was formulated and tested. The selectivity can be changed from Xe > Kr to Xe < Kr simply by changing the temperature. A patent disclosure has been filed. Lastly, silicon carbide (SiC) was loaded with Kr. The diffusion of Kr in SiC was found to be less than detectable values at temperatures as high as 500°C.

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Insert gas entrapment in films produced by ion-assisted physical vapour deposition processes

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Processes for Removal and Immobilization of 14C, 129I, and 85Kr

Processes for Removal and Immobilization of 14C, 129I, and 85Kr

Summary Report for the Development of Materials for Volatile Radionuclides

Summary Report on the Volatile Radionuclide and Immobilization Research for FY2011 at PNNL

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