Inside Cambodian Insurgency

Bultmann, Daniel

doi:10.4324/9781315588711

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The Vietnamese Army [47] repelled these Cambodian forces. China as a "puppet government" [49]. At the same time, the Khmer Rouge re-treated to the west and continued to control areas adjacent to the Thai border for the next decade [49].…”

Section: Cambodian-vietnam Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…China as a "puppet government" [49]. At the same time, the Khmer Rouge re-treated to the west and continued to control areas adjacent to the Thai border for the next decade [49]. These Khmer Rouge bases were not self-sufficient and were funded by military assistance from China, diamond and timber smuggling, channeled by means of the Thai military, and food smuggled from markets across the border in Thailand [50].…”

Section: Cambodian-vietnam Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review and Analysis: United States Secret Wars in Cambodia: Long-Term Impacts and Consequences

Olson¹,

Speidel²

2023

OJSS

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The People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) decided to use conventional warfare to unify Vietnam. The United States military operation against the Ho Chi Minh Trail traffic began in 1959. The (PAVN) connected a series of old trails leading from North Vietnam to South Vietnam via Laos and Cambodia. In the 1960s the network of trails was expanded. Trail traffic was interdicted by repeated CIA (Air America) and US Air Force (Operation Ranch Hand) tactical herbicide spraying and bombing missions. During the late 1960s, the Khmer Rouge Army slowly grew in eastern Cambodia during a time when America was spraying and bombing the Ho Chi Minh Trail. On February 22, 1969, the PAVN launched a new offensive against American forces in South Vietnam from their sanctuaries in Cambodia. President Richard Nixon and Dr. Henry Kissinger, decided to spray and bomb Cambodia, a neutral country, to eliminate the PAVN sanctuary base camps. The damage and loss of life as a result of U.S. air campaign resulted in the insurgency (Khmer Rouge) being able to recruit civilian members. This created a dual effect of strengthening the popularity of the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, enabling him to overthrow the Khmer Republic in 1975. The primary objectives of this study are to determine the political impacts and consequences of: 1) the 1959 United States secret war on the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Cambodia and 2) the 1969 President Nixon's decision to destroy the PAVN bases hidden in the Cambodian jungles. These United States secret wars in Cambodia had long-lasting effects on Cambodian political, social, and economic stability.

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Section: Cambodian-vietnam Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cambodian-vietnam Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Analysis: United States Secret Wars in Cambodia: Long-Term Impacts and Consequences

Olson¹,

Speidel²

2023

OJSS

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“…On 7 January 1979 Cambodian Khmer Rouge defectors, supported by the Vietnamese military, liberated Phnom Penh and toppled the regime. The Khmer Rouge retreated to the Thai border, and the next civil war ensued, continuing into the 1990s (Bultmann, 2015; Chandler, 2008a: 277–295). In this context the government saw its authority disputed within the country and remained isolated internationally given complex Cold War politics surrounding Vietnam.…”

Section: The Politics Of Memory In Post-genocide Cambodiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Remembering and silencing complexity in post-genocide memorialisation: Cambodia’s Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum

Williams

2021

Memory Studies

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In genocide, complex political actors can take on changing roles of perpetrator, victim or hero at different points in time. In post-genocide societies, political actors seek to shape memory of the violent past to forward their own interests, often undermining this complexity and painting a more black-and-white picture that ties in with Transitional Justice practitioners’ dichotomous assumptions about perpetrators and victims. This article looks at how complexity is remembered and silenced in a post-genocide memorial space that included many complex political actors during its tenure as a security centre: Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum in Cambodia. Here, the audio guide and permanent and temporary exhibitions (as well as changes to these) allow for a co-existence of competing memories, demonising the Khmer Rouge regime for its immense cruelty and simultaneously constructing victimhood for former Khmer Rouge cadres. This could serve as a starting point for discussing complexity, but instead silences in the exhibitions and audio guide create an ambivalence in attributing these roles that masks this complexity.

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Konkurrierende Erinnerungspolitiken in Gedenkstätten

Williams¹

2019

PERIPHERIE

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In Post-Gewalt-Kambodscha ist Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum zusammen mit den „killing fields“ Choeung Ek zu einem der wichtigsten Gedenkorte geworden. Dieser Ort ist zentral für den dominanten Diskurs über die Bedeutung vergangener Gewalt während der Herrschaft der Roten Khmer. Das in der Gedenkstätte vorgestellte Narrativ dämonisiert einerseits die Roten Khmer als die Gruppe, die für die exzessive Grausamkeit der späten 1970er Jahre verantwortlich ist. Gleichzeitig konstruiert es eine Opferschaft aller Menschen, die unter dem Regime gelebt haben, auch ehemaliger Kader der Roten Khmer. Diese Konkurrenz verschiedener Narrative wird durch eine Ellipse ermöglicht, bei welcher verschwiegen wird, dass ein Großteil der hier gefolterten und dann getöteten Menschen selbst Kader der Roten Khmer waren, die Säuberungen zum Opfer gefallen sind. Dieses Schweigen manifestiert sich in einer Ellipse im Audio-Guide, der auf Leiden und Schmerz in den Mittelpunkt stellt, sowie im Mangel an weiterführenden Informationen in der Dauerausstellung. Während temporäre Ausstellungen sich auch mit den einzelnen Tätern beschäftigen, wird hier ein Opferschicksal konstruiert. Auf dieser Art und Weise wird die Gedenkstätte genutzt, um ein breiteres Narrativ zu erzählen, welches die Regierung in ihrer Erinnerungspolitik stützt.

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Inside Cambodian Insurgency

Cited by 3 publications

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Review and Analysis: United States Secret Wars in Cambodia: Long-Term Impacts and Consequences

Review and Analysis: United States Secret Wars in Cambodia: Long-Term Impacts and Consequences

Remembering and silencing complexity in post-genocide memorialisation: Cambodia’s Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum

Konkurrierende Erinnerungspolitiken in Gedenkstätten

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