Insight into biomass pyrolysis mechanism based on cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin: Evolution of volatiles and kinetics, elucidation of reaction pathways, and characterization of gas, biochar and bio‐oil

Chen, Dengyu; Cen, Kehui; Zhuang, Xiaozhuang; Gan, Ziyu; Zhou, Jianbin; Zhang, Yimeng; Zhang, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112142

Cited by 351 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…CH 4 is generated by the cracking of the methoxy group (–O–CH 3 ) and methyl group (–CH 3 ). The lignin component is the largest contributor to the generation of CH 4 due to its large amounts of methoxy groups and methyl groups [ 40 , 45 ]. Moreover, the bonds of C=O, C–O, and the benzene ring indicate that the volatiles also includes aldehydes, ketones, acids, and phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cd on Pyrolysis Velocity and Deoxygenation Characteristics of Rice Straw: Analogized with Cd-Impregnated Representative Biomass Components

Guo

Xie

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The pyrolysis characteristics of cadmium (Cd)-impregnated cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were studied to elucidate the pyrolysis velocity and deoxygenation characteristics of Cd-contaminated rice straw. The results show that Cd significantly affects the pyrolysis characteristics of a single biomass component. With a heating rate of 5 °C·min−1 and a Cd loading of 5%, the initial pyrolysis temperature of cellulose and hemicellulose decreases while that of lignin increases. The maximum pyrolysis velocity of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin is decreased by 36.6%, 12.4%, and 15.2%, respectively. Cd increases the pyrolysis activation energy of the three components and inhibits their deoxygenation. For the pyrolysis of Cd-contaminated rice straw, both the initial depolymerization temperature and the pyrolysis velocity of hemicellulose is reduced, while the pyrolysis velocity of cellulose is accordingly increased. When Cd loading amplifies to 0.1%, 1%, and 5%, the maximum pyrolysis velocity of hemicellulose is decreased by 7.2%, 10.5%, and 21.3%, while that of cellulose is increased by 8.4%, 62.1%, and 97.3%, respectively. Cd reduces the release of volatiles and gas from rice straw, such as CO2, CO, and oxygen-containing organics, which retains more oxygen and components in the solid fraction. This research suggested that Cd retards the pyrolysis velocity and deoxygenation of rice straw, being therefore beneficial to obtaining more biochar.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cd on Pyrolysis Velocity and Deoxygenation Characteristics of Rice Straw: Analogized with Cd-Impregnated Representative Biomass Components

Guo

Xie

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…MDF was rich in cellulose, and the sharp peak of DTG seen in Fig. 2a was attributed to cellulose decomposition (Chen et al 2022). In turn, the DTG shoulder peaks shown in Fig.…”

Section: Feedstock Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Estimation of the heat required for intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Jerzak

Reinmöller

Magdziarz

2022

Clean Techn Environ Policy

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Biomass waste contains an abundant source of energy that can be transformed into high-calorific fuel during intermediate pyrolysis, consequently reducing the use of fossil fuel resources. In the present study, medium density fibreboard (MDF), brewery spent grains (BSG) and post-extraction soybean meal (SM) were used to pyrolysis. Valorisation of these wastes via intermediate pyrolysis was carried out at a temperature of 773 K in a fixed-bed reactor under nitrogen atmosphere. The ultimate analysis showed that MDF char has offered the highest carbon content. Generally, chars obtained from these feedstocks were characterized by different internal microstructures. On the one hand, the surface of MDF char has exhibited pores with a regular pattern of small perpendicular blocks. On the other hand, irregular open spaces were detected in BSG and SM chars. The results of this investigation of the microstructure proved that the studied biomass wastes are perspective feedstocks to obtain high-value bioenergy products. Based on the enthalpy balance, it was concluded that the heating value of the pyrolysis gas was higher, the more endothermic pyrolysis process. The research hypothesis confirms that the higher the K2O/CaO ratio in the ash, the better biomass pyrolysis process was catalysed and as a result, less additional heat was required for pyrolysis. To carry out the pyrolysis of MDF, SM and BSG, additional heat input was required in the amount of 2016.8, 1467.9 and 881.1 kJ, respectively. It was found that 4–10% of the higher heating value of the raw materials was missing to achieve the self-sustaining energy of intermediate pyrolysis. Graphical abstract

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“…It is a complex natural polymer made up of three main types of phenylpropane structural units: syringylpropane units, guaiacyl propane units, and p-hydroxyphenylpropane units [13] and contains many active functional groups in its branched molecule such as phenolic, hydroxyl, carboxylic carbonyl and methoxyl groups. [14] These groups are crucial active sites for further chemical modification of lignin by sulphonation, oxidation, graft copolymerization or hydroxymethylation reactions to make its structure an exceptional source which can serve for adsorption of dyes and metal ions. [15] Therefore, cost-effective use of lignin is crucial to relieve the pressure imposed by the lack of petroleum resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, after cellulose, lignin is in the second order for most abundant biopolymer in wood and annual plants and it is utilized primarily for energy generation. It is a complex natural polymer made up of three main types of phenylpropane structural units: syringylpropane units, guaiacyl propane units, and p‐hydroxyphenylpropane units [13] and contains many active functional groups in its branched molecule such as phenolic, hydroxyl, carboxylic carbonyl and methoxyl groups [14] . These groups are crucial active sites for further chemical modification of lignin by sulphonation, oxidation, graft copolymerization or hydroxymethylation reactions to make its structure an exceptional source which can serve for adsorption of dyes and metal ions [15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Fabrication of Lignin‐Cellulose Green Nanogels

Sathasivam

Sugiarto

et al. 2022

Chemistry An Asian Journal

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There has been increasing exploration of the development and production of biodegradable polymers in response to issues with petrol‐based polymers and their impact on the environment. Here we report a new approach to synthesize a natural nanogel from lignin and nanocellulose. First, lignin nanobeads were synthesized by a solvent‐shifting method, which showed a spherical shape with a diameter of 159.7 nm. Then the lignin nanobeads were incorporated into a nanocellulose network to form the lignin/cellulose nanogels. The nanocellulose fibrils (CNF−C) nanogels reveal a higher storage modulus than the nanocellulose crystal (CNC−C) ones due to the denser network with self‐entanglement of longer cellulose chains. The presence of lignin nanobeads in the nanogels helped to increase the viscoelasticity of the nanogels. This work highlights that the new kinds of green nanogels could be potentially utilized in a variety of biomedical applications such as drug delivery and wound dressing.

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Insight into biomass pyrolysis mechanism based on cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin: Evolution of volatiles and kinetics, elucidation of reaction pathways, and characterization of gas, biochar and bio‐oil

Cited by 351 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of Cd on Pyrolysis Velocity and Deoxygenation Characteristics of Rice Straw: Analogized with Cd-Impregnated Representative Biomass Components

Effect of Cd on Pyrolysis Velocity and Deoxygenation Characteristics of Rice Straw: Analogized with Cd-Impregnated Representative Biomass Components

Estimation of the heat required for intermediate pyrolysis of biomass

Facile Fabrication of Lignin‐Cellulose Green Nanogels

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