Insights into the Use of Phytoremediation Processes for the Removal of Organic Micropollutants from Water and Wastewater; A Review

Abstract

Greater awareness of micropollutants present in water and wastewater motivates the search for effective methods of their neutralization. Although their concentration in waters is measured in micro- and nanograms per liter, even at those levels, they may cause serious health consequences for different organisms, including harmful effects on the functioning of the endocrine system of vertebrates. Traditional methods of wastewater treatment, especially biological methods used in municipal wastewater treatment plants, are not sufficiently effective in removing these compounds, which results in their presence in natural waters. The growing interest in phytoremediation using constructed wetlands as a method of wastewater treatment or polishing indicates a need for the evaluation of this process in the context of micropollutant removal. Therefore, the present work presents a systematic review of the effectiveness in the removal of micropollutants from polluted waters by processes based on plant used. The article also analyzes issues related to the impact of micropollutants on the physiological processes of plants as well as changes in general indicators of pollution caused by contact of wastewater with plants. Additionally, it is also the first review of the literature that focuses strictly on the removal of micropollutants through the use of constructed wetlands.

Kajian Perbaikan Kualitas Air Limbah Pengolahan Kopi Menggunakan Metode Fitoremediasi Dengan Tanaman Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes)

“…Kemudian oksigen yang masuk akibat aerasi juga membuat penguraian zat organik oleh mikroorganisme yang ada semakin meningkat. Hal tersebut terjadi karena penurunan kekeruhan akibat adanya penguraian senyawa organik oleh mikroorganisme yang juga biasa disebut dengan fitodegradasi (Ansari et al, 2020;Polinska et al, 2021). Merujuk pada hasil penelitian, tanaman eceng gondok memiliki prinsip rizofiltrasi untuk menurunkan kekeruhan yakni penyerapan kontaminan bersama air dan nutrient untuk diendapkan pada bagian tanaman (Singh & Balomajumder, 2021).…”

Efektivitas Karbon Aktif Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) Pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Tempe

“…Penelitian menggunakan karbon aktif eceng gondok berhasil menyisihkan TSS lebih baik daripada menggunakan biji asam jawa dan bentonit (Maulani et al, 2021;Rahmasari et al, 2021). Penurunan kekeruhan dapat terjadi akibat adanya penguraian senyawa organik oleh mikroorganisme yang juga biasa disebut dengan fitodegradasi (Ansari et al, 2020;Polińska et al, 2021). Merujuk pada hasil penelitian, tanaman eceng gondok memiliki prinsip rizofiltrasi untuk menurunkan kekeruhan yakni penyerapan kontaminan bersama air dan nutrient untuk diendapkan pada bagian tanaman (Singh & Balomajumder, 2021).…”

New Aspects of Occurrence and Removal of Emerging Pollutants

“…This article deals with the use of plants to remove EPs from polluted waters and shows phytoremediation as a pro-ecological and low-cost method [7]. The review was based on 120 papers from about the last dozen years.…”

“…The occurrence characteristics were presented in particular for compounds from the group of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) [6]. Other published studies focused on the removal of EPs by biological (phytoremediation) [7,8] as well as chemical (oxidation) [9] and physical (sorption and reverse osmosis) methods [10,11]. Twenty authors from five countries (Poland, Korea, Argentina, Portugal, and Peru) comprised their contribution in the preparation of the published papers.…”