Insights into Transition Metal Phosphate Materials for Efficient Electrocatalysis

Zhao, Hui; Yuan, Zhong‐Yong

doi:10.1002/cctc.202000360

Cited by 132 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…systematically summarized the synthesis strategies of phosphates and their applications in OER and zinc–air batteries. [ 118 ] The phosphate group in metal phosphates has flexible coordination, and thus they have significant advantages in designing high‐activity electrocatalysts. For example, Cao et al.…”

Section: Complete Reconstruction For Oermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Understandings into Complete Reconstruction of Precatalysts: Synthesis, Applications, and Characterizations

et al. 2021

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Reconstruction induced by external environment (such as applied voltage bias and test electrolytes) changes catalyst component and catalytic behaviors. Investigations of complete reconstruction in energy conversion recently receive intensive attention, which promote the targeted design of top‐performance materials with maximum component utilization and good stability. However, the advantages of complete reconstruction, its design strategies, and extensive applications have not achieved the profound understandings and summaries it deserves. Here, this review systematically summarizes several important advances in complete reconstruction for the first time, which includes 1) fundamental understandings of complete reconstruction, the characteristics and advantages of completely reconstructed catalysts, and their design principles, 2) types of reconstruction‐involved precatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction catalysis in wide pH solution, and origins of limited reconstruction degree as well as design strategies/principles toward complete reconstruction, 3) complete reconstruction for novel material synthesis and other electrocatalysis fields, and 4) advanced in situ/operando or multiangle/level characterization techniques to capture the dynamic reconstruction processes and real catalytic contributors. Finally, the existing major challenges and unexplored/unsolved issues on studying the reconstruction chemistry are summarized, and an outlook for the further development of complete reconstruction is briefly proposed. This review will arouse the attention on complete reconstruction materials and their applications in diverse fields.

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Section: Complete Reconstruction For Oermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Understandings into Complete Reconstruction of Precatalysts: Synthesis, Applications, and Characterizations

et al. 2021

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“…Some of them possess layered structure with open space, hence the protons of phosphate groups can diffuse through the interlayer region, thus endowing them with good protonic conductivity. [108,109] Besides proton receptor, phosphate groups in some cases were also proven to induce structural distortion to active metal site, thereby facilitating the adsorption of water molecule and accelerating the OER. [109] Similar with phosphates, borates can also serve as efficient proton accepting species that can enable proton-coupled electron transfer process.…”

Section: Transition Metal Phosphates/boratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Variations of Metal Oxide‐Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

et al. 2021

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including solar, wind, hydro, and biofuel, are highly desired to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. However, according to the data provided by International Energy Agency, the global energy demand is 120 Mtoe in 2019, most (80%) of which was derived from fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, oil), leading to a huge CO 2 emission (33Gt in 2019). [1][2][3] One of the difficulties hindering the widespread use of these renewable energy sources is their intermittent and unpredictable nature. [4,5] Electrochemical reaction, a promising strategy for converting intermittent electricity into chemical energy, can produce a wide variety of important fuels and chemical feedstock, including hydrogen, hydrocarbons and ammonia. [6][7][8] The feedstocks for these productions obtained from electrochemical reactions can be offered by abundant and universal source, such as water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. In last decades, due to the net-zero carbon emission features, electrochemical reactions have initiated extensive investigations based on water splitting reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction. [9][10][11][12] In these green technologies, electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a core reaction of these process, has a direct impact on device efficiency and cost effectiveness (Figure 1). [13,14] However, OER involves multistep four-electron transferring steps associated with OH breaking and OO formations, thus suffering from sluggish kinetics and requiring a high energy loss (high potential). Therefore, efficient and stable OER electrocatalysts are required to make these renewable energy storage/conversion processes to be viable and scalable technologies. [15,16,221,222] The OER catalysts can be classified into two categories: [17,18] molecular catalysts for homogeneous system and solid catalysts for heterogeneous system. In the homogeneous catalytic system, the molecular catalysts and the electrolyte are in solution, and the OER takes place in the liquid phase. The performance of molecular OER catalysts can be explained and understood at a molecular level by many relatively simple spectroscopic physicochemical techniques. Based on the mechanistic understanding at a molecular level, their geometric and electronic properties are much easier to be fine-tuned to achieve optimum performance by careful selection of the metal ion and ligand environment. Despite all these advantages, molecular catalysts are still not appropriate to be used in practical Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), an important electrode reaction in electrocatalytic and photoelectrochemical cells for a carbonfree energy cycle, has attracted considerable attention in the last few years. Metal oxides have been considered as good candidates for electrocatalytic OER because they can be easily synthesized and are relatively stable during the OER process. However, inevitable structural variations still occur to them due to the complex reaction steps and harsh working conditions of OER, thus impending the ...

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“…Since the introduction of iron phosphate as a Li-ion battery (LIB) electrode by Sony in 1991, transition metal phosphates have played an important role in various research fields. [1][2][3] A major advantage of the use of phosphates in LIBs, in particular, is the strong covalency of the metal-oxygen-phosphorus bonds that allows for high structural and thermal stability. 4 In addition, the strong interaction between the metal atom and the phosphate anion allows these materials to operate at a higher potential than their oxide counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of nickel and cobalt phosphate for lithium ion batteries

et al. 2022

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Insights into Transition Metal Phosphate Materials for Efficient Electrocatalysis

Cited by 132 publications

References 159 publications

Comprehensive Understandings into Complete Reconstruction of Precatalysts: Synthesis, Applications, and Characterizations

Comprehensive Understandings into Complete Reconstruction of Precatalysts: Synthesis, Applications, and Characterizations

Structural Variations of Metal Oxide‐Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of nickel and cobalt phosphate for lithium ion batteries

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