Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of nickel and cobalt phosphate for lithium ion batteries

Henderick, Lowie; Blomme, Ruben; Minjauw, Matthias; Keukelier, Jonas; Meersschaut, Johan; Dendooven, Jolien; Vereecken, Philippe; Detavernier, Christophe

doi:10.1039/d1dt03417k

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When a supercycle approach is used in ALD, a lower GPC offers a finer control over the dopant concentration. However, an exceptionally high GPC of 1.1nm per cycle was reported for the FePO process [26], compared to a value of 0.2 nm per cycle for the NiPO process [27]. No significant increase in the film thickness occurred when pulsing times in excess of the given exposure times (table 1) were used, suggesting that the saturation which was present for the indiviual processes still holds.…”

Section: Atomic Layer Deposition Of Ni-and Fe-phosphates and Mixed Ma...mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The used processes were both previously reported by our group. The FePO process was reported by Dobbelaere et al [26] in 2016 and the NiPO process was described by Henderick et al [27] in 2022. Both of the ALD-sequences are constructed similarly: a TMP plasma (TMP * ) pulse is followed by a O 2 * pulse and finally the metalorganic precursor (NiCp 2 or TBF) is pulsed with argon carrier gas.…”

Section: Atomic Layer Deposition Of Ni-and Fe-phosphates and Mixed Ma...mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The deposition conditions for the NiPO process were identical to the original work [27]; the FePO process, however, was adapted to better suit the selected application of OER catalysis. As highlighted in the introduction, the highest OER activity is usually obtained when Fe is present as a dopant in Ni-based catalysts.…”

Section: Atomic Layer Deposition Of Ni-and Fe-phosphates and Mixed Ma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Atomic layer deposition for tuning the surface chemical composition of nickel iron phosphates for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyzers

Blomme,

Ramesh,

Henderick

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transition metal phosphates are promising catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline medium. Herein, Fe-doped Ni phosphates are deposited using plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) at 300°C. A sequence of f Fe phosphate PE-ALD cycles and n Ni phosphate PE-ALD cycles is repeated x times. The Fe to Ni ratio can be controlled by the cycle ratio (f /n), while the film thickness can be controlled by the number of cycles (x times (n+f )). 30 nm films with an Fe/Ni ratio of ∼10% and ∼37%, respectively, are evaluated in 1.0 M KOH solution. Remarkably, a significant difference in OER activity is found when the order of the Ni and Fe phosphate PE-ALD cycles in the deposition sequence is reversed. A 20 to 45% larger current density is obtained for catalysts grown with an Fe phosphate PE-ALD cycle at the end compared to the Ni phosphate-terminated flavour. We attribute this to a higher concentration of Fe centers on the surface, as a consequence of the specific PE-ALD approach. Secondly, increasing the thickness of the catalyst films up to 160 nm results in an increase of the OER current density and active surface area, suggesting that the as-deposited smooth and continuous films are converted into electrolyte-permeable structures during catalyst activation and operation. This work demonstrates the ability of PE-ALD to control both the surface and bulk composition of thin film electrocatalysts, offering valuable opportunities to understand their impact on performance.

show abstract

Section: Atomic Layer Deposition Of Ni-and Fe-phosphates and Mixed Ma...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Atomic Layer Deposition Of Ni-and Fe-phosphates and Mixed Ma...mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Atomic Layer Deposition Of Ni-and Fe-phosphates and Mixed Ma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Atomic layer deposition for tuning the surface chemical composition of nickel iron phosphates for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyzers

Blomme,

Ramesh,

Henderick

et al. 2024

Nanotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Users only need to drag and drop the model modules provided in the platform and then combine and connect the existing basic modules according to the user's own modeling and simulation tasks [29]. Then, after a simple interactive operation in the software, the drag-and-drop model can be simulated according to the user's imagination.…”

Section: Application Of Intelligent Space Simulation Technology In Ce...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceramic Shape Design Based on Intelligent Space Simulation Technology

Zhang

Liu

2022

Journal of Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With the development of the times, intelligent space simulation technology has gradually emerged in the design of ceramic forms, and the development of modern ceramics has gradually transformed into artistic development. The development of ceramics must conform to the design trend, adjust the rhythm, and seek development opportunities. Organic design opens up a green channel for ceramics and integrates into the lives of today’s people. This paper mainly discusses the external form of ceramics and studies from two levels of curve form and bionic form. Through the intelligent space simulation technology, the shape design of ceramics is studied, and the optimal shape of ceramics is obtained, which enables people to have a better understanding of ceramic art.

show abstract

“…In that respect, transition metal phosphates were proposed due to their environmental benignity, cost-efficiency, and high thermal and structural stability rendering the electrodes with superior safety and cycling stability. − Among them, nickel phosphate with its various structures has evoked a lot of interest. − Different approaches for the synthesis of crystalline nickel phosphate octahydrate (Ni 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·8H 2 O) have been reported, from a hydrothermal process, simple reflux method to microwave-assisted route . The latter was tested as a supercapattery electrode delivering a specific capacity of up to 520.4 C g –1 at a current density of 2 A g –1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prelithiated, Multiscale Nickel Phosphate Octahydrate Platelets by a Tailored Nanoarchitectonics Approach

Raafat

Burghard

2023

Chem. Mater.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nickel phosphate octahydrate (Ni 3 (PO 4 ) 2 •8H 2 O) is a promising electrode material for next-generation energy storage devices. However, owing to the large initial irreversible capacity, its practical application is hindered. Prelithiation is a viable solution, nonetheless, usually associated with additional challenges in terms of safety, cost, and homogenous distribution of Li + . Herein, we report on a facile, cost-effective prelithiation method based on nanoarchitectonics for the synthesis of mesocrystalline Ni 3 (PO 4 ) 2 • 8H 2 O platelets. During their oriented self-assembly, the lithium phosphates present in the precursor act as the Li + source. A detailed, systematic investigation of the morphological evolution, from activation over nucleation to growth, revealed that the addition of a secondary phase with oxygen-containing functional groups accelerates the fabrication of complex multiscale hybrid materials. Accordingly, hybridization with graphene oxide (GO), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and V 2 O 5 nanofibers (VNF) was demonstrated. The electrochemical assessment of the prelithiated multiscale material in the form of a free-standing aerogel revealed the benefits of the synergy of nanoarchitecture and prelithiation. Specifically, it decreases the effect of the initial capacity loss, facilitates ion intercalation, and introduces additional intercalation sites. Notably, dehydrated aerogels of the prelithiated nickel phosphate embedded in partially reduced GO deliver a significantly high capacity of 400 mAh g −1 when tested as the anode. The developed prelithiation strategy provides enlightenment for novel environmentally conscious synthesis routes for the commercial application of high-specific-capacity electrodes.

show abstract

Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of nickel and cobalt phosphate for lithium ion batteries

Abstract: A plasma-enhanced ALD process has been developed to deposit nickel phosphate. The process combines a trimethylphosphate (TMP) plasma with an oxygen plasma and nickelocene at a substrate temperature of 300°C....

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Atomic layer deposition for tuning the surface chemical composition of nickel iron phosphates for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyzers

Atomic layer deposition for tuning the surface chemical composition of nickel iron phosphates for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyzers

Ceramic Shape Design Based on Intelligent Space Simulation Technology

Prelithiated, Multiscale Nickel Phosphate Octahydrate Platelets by a Tailored Nanoarchitectonics Approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About