A need for NDE of plasma-sprayed coatings has been a serious problem in the industry for a Ions time. Traditional methods Iike ultrasonics or x-ray absorption usually cannot be used because of the high attenuation and the heterogeneity of the coating. On the other hand, sub-surface flaws cannot be detected with liquid penetration technique and electromagnetic methods are not suitable for dielectric coating. However, photothermal techniques have been successfully applied [1,2], but first the introduction of fast infrared scanning systems has lead to reasonable speed of inspection from the practical point ofview.New NDE techniques are likely to be applied first in applications where new materials are introduced and reliability is most important, like in aerospace and nuc1ear industries. Besides the safety questions also the economical circumstances must be considered. For instance, the faiIure of nuc1ear reactor primary circulation seals would cause a stop of the reactor unit and thus substantial financiallosses.
SIMULATIONS FOR OPTIMIZING THE MEASUREMENT PARAMETERSThe principle of the applied scanning photothermal evaluation technique is shown in Fig. 1. The sampIe under inspection is heated by a scanning laser beam focussed on a line and the increased thermal radiation from the sampIe surface is monitored with an infrared line scanner. Possible delamination defects affect the surface temperature and can thus be detected.The kind of a situation can be modeled with a computational technique similar to the method previously used to simulate laser heating for crack inspection [3] and delamination detection [4]. Thus, a few computer simulations were performed in order to optimize measurement parameters. Most interesting of these parameters are the least detectable thermal contact resistance caused by the delamination of the coating, the optimum scanning speed, and the optimum distance between the heating and the detection points.