Inspiratory muscle training improves rowing performance

Volianitis, Stefanos; McConnell, Alison; Koutedakis, Yiannis; McNaughton, Lars R.; Backx, Karriane; Jones, David A.

doi:10.1097/00005768-200105000-00020

Cited by 262 publications

(307 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…After the second, 6-wk intervention with inspiratory-loaded CM training (CM/IM training) combined with the high-intensity interval program, global CM function enhanced further in ICT group, compared to that of their CON counterparts. In contrast there was little further improvement IM function, which is consistent with the plateau of improvement in P 0 that has been shown previously after 4 to 6-wk of IMT (20,28). However, it may also be due to the fact that the volume of IMT was lower, compared to the preceding 4-wk phase of specific IMT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“Functional” Inspiratory and Core Muscle Training Enhances Running Performance and Economy

Tong

McConnell

Lin

et al. 2016

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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We compared the effects of two 6-week high-intensity interval training interventions.Under the control condition (CON), only interval training was undertaken, whilst under the intervention condition (ICT), interval training sessions were followed immediately by core training, which was combined with simultaneous inspiratory muscle training -'functional'IMT. Sixteen recreational runners were allocated to either ICT or CON groups. Prior to the intervention phase, both groups undertook a 4-week programme of 'foundation' IMT to control for the known ergogenic effect of IMT [30 inspiratory efforts at 50% maximal static inspiratory pressure (P 0 ) per set, 2 sets. and core muscle functions increased in both groups (P<0.05), as evidenced by P 0 and a sportspecific endurance plank test performance (SEPT), respectively. Compared to CON, the ICT group showed larger improvements in SEPT, running economy at the speed of the OBLA, and 1-hr running performance (3.04% vs 1.57%, P<0.05). The changes in these variables were inter-individually correlated (r≥0.57, n=16, P<0.05). Such findings suggest that the addition of inspiratory-loaded core conditioning into a high-intensity interval training program augments the influence of the interval program upon endurance running performance, and that this may be underpinned by an improvement in running economy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“Functional” Inspiratory and Core Muscle Training Enhances Running Performance and Economy

Tong

McConnell

Lin

et al. 2016

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…They used also an incentive spirometer and other resources. The great majority of these works are dedicated to training and evaluating the inspiratory muscles [23][24][25][26] . Only 1 study using other modalities of training specific to the aged population was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies showed an improvement in the IP max of subjects undergoing IMT with different resources, periods of time, apparatus, and ways of randomization. 7,9,14,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Using many methodologies, other authors did not find improvement in the IP max . 9,[25][26][27][28] In subjects with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the benefits of resisted IMT were found to be few and difficult distinguish from a learning effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an Aquatic Versus Non-Aquatic Respiratory Exercise Program on the Respiratory Muscle Strength in Healthy Aged Persons

Ide¹,

Belini²,

Caromano³

2005

Clinics

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Aging of the worldwide population is a concern of most governmental entities, spanning practically all areas of prevention and rehabilitation. Aging leads to physiological alterations that result in adverse social and financial effects. There is a trend to emphasize prevention, which is less expensive and socially more desirable than therapeutic intervention. PURPOSE: To assess the effect of a program of aquatic versus non-aquatic respiratory exercises on respiratory muscle strength in healthy aged persons.METHODS: The respiratory muscle strength was measured in 81 subjects between 60 and 65 years, 59 of which completed the program. Subjects were randomized into 3 groups. G aquatic undertook a program of respiratory exercise in an aquatic environment. G non-aquatic undertook the same program in a non-aquatic environment. G control acted as the negative control. Programs were applied three times a week for 10 consecutive weeks. Subsequently, subjects were reevaluated, and results compared to each individual's pre-treatment own result and between the groups. The data were statistically analyzed using the paired t test and the Sign test. Comparisons between the groups were performed through parametric and nonparametric variance. A comparison of G aquatic and G non-aquatic versus G control was performed using the Dunnett test.RESULTS: A significant improvement in the inspiratory muscle strength in the G aquatic group compared to the G control , group was found, suggesting beneficial effects mediated by the aquatic exercise. The expiratory muscles did not show significant alterations.CONCLUSION: Aquatic respiratory exercise improves the inspiratory muscle strength of healthy aged persons. However, neither aquatic nor non-aquatic respiratory exercise influences the expiratory muscle strength.

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“…In addition, most of the studies have not used a placebo group, rendering the findings difficult to interpret. More recent studies have used reliable and externally valid outcome measures (i.e., simulated time-trial performance) in conjunction with a placebo-controlled experimental design, and most (46,55,104,137), but not all (117), findings from such studies indicate that respiratory muscle training has a small but likely significant effect on endurance exercise performance.…”

Section: Overcoming the Respiratory Limitations To Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-induced respiratory muscle fatigue: implications for performance

Romer

Polkey²

2008

Journal of Applied Physiology

260

212

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Romer LM, Polkey MI. Exercise-induced respiratory muscle fatigue: implications for performance. J Appl Physiol 104: 879 -888, 2008. First published December 20, 2007 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01157.2007.-It is commonly held that the respiratory system has ample capacity relative to the demand for maximal O 2 and CO2 transport in healthy humans exercising near sea level. However, this situation may not apply during heavy-intensity, sustained exercise where exercise may encroach on the capacity of the respiratory system. Nerve stimulation techniques have provided objective evidence that the diaphragm and abdominal muscles are susceptible to fatigue with heavy, sustained exercise. The fatigue appears to be due to elevated levels of respiratory muscle work combined with an increased competition for blood flow with limb locomotor muscles. When respiratory muscles are prefatigued using voluntary respiratory maneuvers, time to exhaustion during subsequent exercise is decreased. Partially unloading the respiratory muscles during heavy exercise using low-density gas mixtures or mechanical ventilation can prevent exercise-induced diaphragm fatigue and increase exercise time to exhaustion. Collectively, these findings suggest that respiratory muscle fatigue may be involved in limiting exercise tolerance or that other factors, including alterations in the sensation of dyspnea or mechanical load, may be important. The major consequence of respiratory muscle fatigue is an increased sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow to working skeletal muscle through a respiratory muscle metaboreflex, thereby reducing limb blood flow and increasing the severity of exerciseinduced locomotor muscle fatigue. An increase in limb locomotor muscle fatigue may play a pivotal role in determining exercise tolerance through a direct effect on muscle force output and a feedback effect on effort perception, causing reduced motor output to the working limb muscles. respiratory muscles; exercise; diaphragm; abdominals; magnetic stimulation; metaboreflex THE PURPOSE OF THIS MINIREVIEW is to address the question of whether the respiratory demands of exercise contribute significantly toward exercise limitation, either directly through limitations of the respiratory muscle pump or indirectly through effects on limb blood flow and locomotor muscle fatigue. We describe the mechanical and metabolic costs of meeting the ventilatory requirements of exercise. We then ask whether the respiratory muscles fatigue with exercise, what factors contribute to any such fatigue, and what the implications of these factors are for exercise tolerance. Finally, we deal with the potential mechanisms by which respiratory muscle fatigue could compromise exercise tolerance and whether it is possible to overcome this potential respiratory limitation. Our review focuses on the healthy young adult exercising near sea level. However, we also consider special circumstances that determine the balance between metabolic demand and respiratory system capacity in the highly trained endurance ...

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Inspiratory muscle training improves rowing performance

Cited by 262 publications

References 28 publications

“Functional” Inspiratory and Core Muscle Training Enhances Running Performance and Economy

“Functional” Inspiratory and Core Muscle Training Enhances Running Performance and Economy

Effects of an Aquatic Versus Non-Aquatic Respiratory Exercise Program on the Respiratory Muscle Strength in Healthy Aged Persons

Exercise-induced respiratory muscle fatigue: implications for performance

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