Inspiratory Muscle Training: Integrative Review

Abstract

This article provides a critical review of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although extensive research on IMT has accumulated, its benefits have been debated, primarily because of methodological limitations of studies. Using relevant key words, multiple databases were searched from 1966. Selected studies used PImax (maximal inspiratory pressure) as an outcome variable. Overall, research demonstrated that a standard protocol of 30% or higher for a duration of 20 to 30 minutes per day for 10 to 12 weeks improves dyspnea and inspiratory strength and endurance with either inspiratory resistive or inspiratory threshold training. Regardless of method, IMT protocols for people with COPD and inspiratory muscle weakness and dyspnea are generally safe, feasible, and effective. Patient selectivity and study of subgroups are recommended.

Aquatic Therapy: Scientific Foundations and Clinical Rehabilitation Applications

“…For an athlete used to land‐based conditioning exercises, a program of water‐based exercise results in a significant workload demand on the respiratory apparatus, primarily in the muscles of inspiration [36]. Because inspiratory muscle fatigue seems to be a rate‐ and performance‐limiting factor even in highly trained athletes, inspiratory muscle strengthening exercises have proven to be effective in improving athletic performance in elite cyclists and rowers [38‐59]. The challenge of inspiratory resistance posed during neck‐depth immersion could theoretically raise the respiratory muscular strength and endurance if the time spent in aquatic conditioning is sufficient in intensity and duration to achieve respiratory apparatus strength gains.…”

Efektivitas Latihan Incentive Spirometry dengan Latihan Pernapasan Diafragma terhadap Fungsi Paru, Kapasitas Fungsional, dan Kualitas Hidup Penderita Asma Bronkial Alergi

“…4,[7][8][9]13,14 Sebagai simpulan, latihan incentive spirometry lebih efektif meningkatkan fungsi paru (FEV 1 ), meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional (jarak tempuh uji jalan enam menit), dan memperbaiki kualitas hidup (memperbaiki SGRQ) bila dibandingkan dengan pernapasan diafragma pada penderita asma bronkial alergi.…”

Peningkatan Fungsi Ventilasi Oksigenasi Paru Pada Klien Pasca Ventilasi Mekanik Dengan Deep Breathing Exercise

“…Roussos dan Zakynthinos (1996 dalam Padula & Yeaw, 2006) menyebutkan bahwa kondisi yang membutuhkan kekuatan pernapasan yaitu pada kelemahan, kelelahan, istirahatnya otot inspirator yang terlalu lama. Penelitian eksperimen Weiner (Padula & Yeaw, 2006) Sperlich, et al (2009) juga menyatakan bahwa latihan pernapasan dapat meningkatkan penampilan fisik seseorang yang terbebas dari kondisi kelemahan dan kelelahan.…”

“…Roussos dan Zakynthinos (1996 dalam Padula & Yeaw, 2006) menyebutkan bahwa kondisi yang membutuhkan kekuatan pernapasan yaitu pada kelemahan, kelelahan, istirahatnya otot inspirator yang terlalu lama. Penelitian eksperimen Weiner (Padula & Yeaw, 2006) Sperlich, et al (2009) juga menyatakan bahwa latihan pernapasan dapat meningkatkan penampilan fisik seseorang yang terbebas dari kondisi kelemahan dan kelelahan. DBE merupakan salah satu latihan pernapasan yang terbukti dapat meningkatkan kemampuan kekuatan otot inspirator, seperti yang telah dikembangkan dalam beberapa penelitian oleh Westerdahl, et al (2005), El Batanouny, et al (2009 dan Nusdwinuringtyas (2008).…”