Inspiratory resistive loading after all-out exercise improves subsequent performance

Abstract

We have previously shown that post-exercise inspiratory resistive loading (IRL) reduces blood lactate ([Lac(b)(-)]). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that IRL during recovery could improve subsequent exercise performance. Eight healthy men underwent, on different days, two sequential 30-s, cycle ergometer Wingate tests. During the 10-min recovery period from test 1, subjects breathed freely or through an inspiratory resistance (15 cm H(2)O) with passive leg recovery. Arterialized [Lac(b)(-)] values, perceptual scores (Borg), cardiac output by impedance cardiography (QT), and changes in the deoxygenation status of the M. vastus lateralis by near-infrared spectroscopy (DeltaHHb), were recorded. [Lac(b)(-)] was significantly reduced after 4 min of recovery with IRL (peak [Lac(b)(-)] 12.5 +/- 2.3 mmol l(-1) with free-breathing vs. 9.8 +/- 1.5 mmol l(-1) with IRL). Effort perception was reduced during late recovery with IRL compared with free-breathing. Cardiac work was increased with IRL, since heart rate and QT were elevated during late recovery. Peripheral muscle reoxygenation, however, was significantly impaired with IRL, suggesting that post-exercise convective O(2) delivery to the lower limbs was reduced. Importantly, IRL had a dual effect on subsequent performance, i.e., improvement in peak and mean power, but increased fatigue index (P < 0.05). Our data demonstrate that IRL after a Wingate test reduces post-exercise effort perception and improves peak power on subsequent all-out maximal-intensity exercise.

Loading of Trained Inspiratory Muscles Speeds Lactate Recovery Kinetics

“…In stark contrast to the findings of Chiappa et al (3,4), we observed no effect of ITL upon lactate recovery kinetics. The novel finding of this investigation is that following IMT, ITL accelerates the capacity for whole body lactate exchange and clearance.…”

Inspiratory muscle training abolishes the blood lactate increase associated with volitional hyperpnoea superimposed on exercise and accelerates lactate and oxygen uptake kinetics at the onset of exercise

“…Secondly, Chiappa et al (2009) showed that increasing the work of breathing (via pressure-threshold loading) during recovery from maximal exercise significantly accelerated rates of lactate clearance and improved subsequent 30 s maximal cycling performance. The authors suggest that with loading, the inspiratory muscles are capable of net lactate consumption.…”

“…Recently it has emerged that respiratory muscle activity may strongly influence the systemic blood lactate concentration ([lac -] B ) (Brown et al 2008(Brown et al , 2010Chiappa et al 2009;Johnson et al 2006;Renggli et al 2008;Verges et al 2007). This notion contradicts the traditional view that the small mass of the respiratory muscles (estimated at around 960 g (Freedman et al 1983)) and their large oxidative capacity precludes any systemically relevant lactate exchange (Wetter and Dempsey 2000 Romer et al 2002b) and volitional isocapnic hyperpnoea training (endurance-training stimulus) (Leddy et al 2007;Spengler et al 1999), with up to 52% of variation in post-training whole-body exercise performance improvement accounted for by the reduced [lac -] B (Romer et al 2002b).…”

TP53p.R337H is a conditional cancer-predisposing mutation: further evidence from a homozygous patient

“…However, such effects have not been documented in humans thus far. The results of the cardiopulmonary exercise test performed here indicate that, despite carrying two TP53 mutant alleles, our patient has preserved functional capacity, as demonstrated by peak power output, peak oxygen uptake, and an anaerobic threshold within the limits of normality [21]. Moreover, ventilatory efficiency and hemodynamic responses to exercise were also normal.…”

“…The per minute ventilation/carbon dioxide output slope was calculated using a linear regression analysis based on all points of the incremental exercise [20]. Before and during the exercise tests, cardiac output and stroke volume were estimated non-invasively by impedance cardiography (PhysioFlow PF07 Enduro, Manatec Biomedical, Paris, France) as previously described [21]. Arterial oxygen saturation was measured by finger oximetry (Takaoka Oxicap, São Paulo, Brazil).…”