Institutional Abuse: The Role of Leadership, Authority and the Environment in the Social Sciences Literature

Nunno, Michael

doi:10.1080/0300443971330103

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In this context, mental health problems indicate that participants met the diagnostic criteria for one or more psychiatric disorders, had significant psychological problems on a psychometric instrument that assessed some aspect of mental health, or were judged to have mental health difficulties by a health professional in a clinical or helpline interview. The rate of mental health problems at any point in the lifetime assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I or II Disorders of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV; SCID I and II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 1996, 1997Wittchen, Wunderlich, Gruschwitz, & Zaudig, 1997) was given in three studies and ranged from 82% to 88%, with a mean of 84% Wolfe et al, 2006). This is particularly important finding because the SCID assesses mental health problems using diagnostic criteria in the American Psychiatric Association's (APA, 1994) DSM-IV, which is widely LG ¼ longitudinal single cohort study; QL ¼ qualitative study; SR ¼ self-report data were available for these cases; OS ¼ these cases were offspring of parents from whom data were also collected; þ ¼ survivors were over 40 years; -¼ data were not available.…”

Section: Mental Health Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review of the Outcome of Child Abuse in Long-Term Care

Carr

Duff

Craddock

2018

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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The aim of the systematic review described in this article was to determine the outcome of child maltreatment in long-term childcare and the scope of the evidence base in this area. Searches of 10 databases were conducted. Forty-nine documents describing 21 primary studies and 25 secondary studies were selected for review. Searches, study selection, data extraction, and study quality assessments were independently conducted by two researchers, with a high degree of interrater reliability. Participants in the 21 primary studies included 3,856 abuse survivors and 1,577 nonabused controls. In six primary studies, survivors were under 18 years, and participants in the remaining primary studies were adults with a mean age of 54 years. Reviewed studies were conducted in the United Kingdom, the United States, Finland, Romania, Tanzania, Canada, Ireland, Australia, the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Participants were abused in religious and nonreligious residential care centers and foster care. There were significant associations between the experience of child abuse in long-term care and adjustment across the life span in the domains of mental health, physical health, and psychosocial adjustment. Evidence-based trauma-focused treatment should be offered to child abuse survivors. Future research in this area should prioritize longitudinal studies.

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Section: Mental Health Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The causes of child maltreatment in long-term care are complex and involve a wide range of factors (Nunno, 1997;Smith & Freyd, 2014;Wolfe, Jaffe, Jetté, & Poisson, 2003). Multifactorial models of child maltreatment in long-term care propose that risk and protective factors in multiple domains contribute to child abuse and neglect.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Outcome of Child Abuse in Long-Term Care

Carr

Duff

Craddock

2018

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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“…Job satisfaction, burnout, and staff turnover have been shown to be strongly correlated, and decreased satisfaction and increasing burnout may impair workers long before they decide to leave their positions (Shapiro, Dorman, Burkey, & Welker, 1999;Silver, Poulin, & Manning, 1997). Furthermore, there is evidence that organizational climate-or the attitudes which employees collectively hold about their work environment (Glisson & Hemmelgarn, 1998)-affects not only job satisfaction, but quality of services, consumer satisfaction, client outcomes, and even the risk of child maltreatment by staff (Glisson & Hemmelgarn, 1998;Jimmieson & Griffin, 1998;Johnson & McIntye, 1998;Nunno, 1997;Parkin & Green, 1997;Schmit & Allschied, 1995;Silver et al, 1997;Wagar, 1997).…”

Section: A G E N C Y W O R K P L a C Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Employee attitudes regarding their work environment may impact job satisfaction, consumer satisfaction, service quality, client outcomes, and risk of child abuse by staff (Glisson & Hemmelgarn, 1998;Jimmieson & Griffin, 1998;Johnson & McIntye, 1998;Nunno, 1997;Parkin & Green, 1997;Schmit & Allscheid, 1995;Sivler et al, 1997;Wagar, 1997). Attention to climate, therefore, might be expected to have a profound impact on an organization, doing much more than simply keeping employees on the job.…”

Section: Organizational Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps the most compelling evidence for the importance of organizational climate is found in the accumulating research on structural variables related to institutional abuse (Nunno, 1997;Parkin & Green, 1997). Nunno (1997) reviews the literature on this maltreatment, which occurs within institutional settings and may exist in a variety of forms, from overt physical and sexual abuse to unintentional mistreatment perpetrated by overworked or poorly trained staff or a malfunctioning system. The author defines maltreatment as "the foreseeable injury, probable injury, foreseeable harm or probable harm to the child's physical, social, intellectual, emotional or developmental well-being" (p. 23).…”

Section: Organizational Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Elements of Satisfying Organizational Climates in Child Welfare Agencies

Bednar¹

2003

Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Service

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The critical role played by child welfare workers in the protection of abused and neglected children is seriously undermined by rapid staff turnover and the impaired performance associated with burnout and job dissatisfaction. This review examines research on job satisfaction in child welfare systems and on factors that influence a worker's decision to leave a job or stay, as well as organizational climate factors which have been linked to job satisfaction, consumer satisfaction, and client outcomes. While ample information is available about what is needed to create satisfying work environments for child welfare workers, this knowledge has not been systematically applied. Incorporating existing knowledge into child welfare practice should be a priority, as should research that focuses on organizational variables that may impact service quality and outcomes as well as employee satisfaction. Questions remain about the long-term impact of increased job satisfaction and improved organizational climate on worker retention and client outcomes.

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Practitioners' experiences and perceptions of investigating allegations of institutional abuse

Barter

1999

Child Abuse Rev.

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This article is based upon an exploratory study of practitioners' experiences of investigating allegations of institutional child abuse (Barter, 1998). The research involved interviewing all NSPCC child protection practitioners and managers in England or Wales who had been involved in an investigation between 1994 and 1996. Overall, 41 interviews were undertaken and details from 36 investigation reports were analysed. The research found that many professionals perceived these kinds of investigations as being particularly difficult and problematic, especially in respect to maintaining independence, determining the remit and scope of inquiry and ensuring the provision of adequate and appropriate support. The lack of agreed guidelines and protocols, particularly in relation to post‐substantiation procedures, made these investigations especially challenging. In addition, participants also identified a range of factors that differentiated these forms of investigations from intra‐familial ones, including discretion in child‐rearing practices, the irrelevance of mitigating circumstances and the extent of administrative culpability. A number of tentative recommendations based on the research findings are presented which seek to ensure that investigations are undertaken in the most sensitive and appropriate manner possible. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Institutional Abuse: The Role of Leadership, Authority and the Environment in the Social Sciences Literature

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

A Systematic Review of the Outcome of Child Abuse in Long-Term Care

A Systematic Review of the Outcome of Child Abuse in Long-Term Care

Elements of Satisfying Organizational Climates in Child Welfare Agencies

Practitioners' experiences and perceptions of investigating allegations of institutional abuse

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