Instrumental Treatment of Amblyopia

Лаврентьев, Б. Ф.; Роженцов, В. В.

doi:10.18008/1816-5095-2016-3-144-150

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…The major methods include optic correction, occlusion and various pleoptic methods. Modern pleoptic methods are based on stimulation of the central and peripheral retina using structured patterns that can be static or dynamic and achromatic or chromatic [8]. Physiotherapeutic adjuncts (transcutaneous electric or magnetic stimulation of the retina and optic nerve, vasolidator drug magnetophoresis or electrophoresis, stimulation of reflexogenic areas (reflexotherapy), acupressure, vibrostimulation, etc.)…”

Section: Study Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noteworthy that the problem of selecting the optimum pleoptic method emerges not only with regard to the treatment of MA, but also with regard to the treatment of various forms of amblyopia. Some authors believe that the use of complex equipment and complex methods is not always justified, since comparable outcomes can be achieved with the use of readily available and rather simple devices [8,9].…”

Section: Study Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of optical-reflection method of accommodative facility training on meridional acuity in astigmats with amblyopia

Kolomiyets¹,

Kachan²

2021

Oftalmol Zh

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The efficacy of accommodative facility training as a method of treatment for meridional amblyopia (MA) in astigmatic children with amblyopia was studied. MA manifests itself as selective alterations in visual acuity (VA), with substantial differences in the ability to resolve contours of different orientations, and may cause impairments in mechanisms of integrated processing of visual stimulus, development of cognitive abilities in children and visual performance. Purpose: To assess the effect of optical-reflection method of accommodative facility training on vernier acuity in meridians (MVA) in the treatment of astigmatic children with amblyopia. Material and Methods: Twenty seven children aged 5 to 12 years, with both refractive amblyopia and with-the-rule hyperopic astigmatism were included in the study, and underwent an examination. The spherical component of refraction ranged from +0.5D to +5.5D, and the cylindical component, from 0.5D to 4.5D. Best-corrected visual acuity (Sivtsev Chart) was assessed. Accommodative facility training was performed monocularly by image defocusing with lenses of a variable power. A +0.5-D sphere was placed just in front of the best correction for the study eye in order to blur this line. The +0.5-D sphere was replaced by a -0.5-D sphere after the optotypes became clearly visible. Thereafter, the training cycle was repeated using a ±0.75-D sphere and, subsequently, a ±1.0-D sphere. Lens power was gradually increased until it could be compensated by accommodation. The treatment course consisted of one training session a day for 10 days. Special computer software was used to determine corrected MVA. Linear objects were presented on the computer screen, and the smallest lateral displacement of one line from another that can be detected by the examinee will characterize the level of MVA. Results: A new algorithm was proposed for assessing the efficacy of treatment of MA in astigmats, with refractive asymmetries and meridional asymmetries in vernier acuity considered as vector quantities. It was demonstrated that a group of amblyops with the same type of astigmatism was not homogeneous. It was found possible to split such a group of patients into three clusters that differ in the type of variation in meridional acuity in the orthogonal meridians compared to refractive asymmetries. One cluster had equal vernier acuities in the vertical and horizontal meridians, the second had vernier acuity in the horizontal meridian better than in the vertical meridian, and the third had vernier acuity in the horizontal meridian worse than in the vertical meridian. MVA was greater in magnitude in one of the orthogonal meridians than in another in the dominant eyes in 37% of study patients, and in the fellow eyes in 50% of study patients. MVA values in the orthogonal meridians were similar in 56.6% of study patients. There was a 15.1-percent increase, from 56.6% to 71.1% in the number of eyes with a similar vernier acuity in the orthogonal meridians after treatment. A positive effect was achieved thr...

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Section: Study Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of optical-reflection method of accommodative facility training on meridional acuity in astigmats with amblyopia

Kolomiyets¹,

Kachan²

2021

Oftalmol Zh

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“…Сучасні методи плеоптики засновані на стимуляції центральних і периферичних відділів сітківки структурованими патернами. Для підвищення ефективності лікування додатково використовують нашкірну електростимуляцію та магнітостимуляцію сітківки й зорового нерва, магнітофорез, електрофорез, оптико-рефлекторний метод стимуляції механізмів акомодації та інші методи [8,9]. Необхідно відмітити, що вплив відомих методів плеоптики на меридіональні показники гостроти зору (МГЗ) не вивчали.…”

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Optimizing the algorithm for assessing the efficacy of treatment for amblyopia in astigmats through the investigation of the features of meridional acuity characteristics as vector quantities

Качан,

Коломієць

2023

Oftalmol Zh

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Background: Refractive asymmetry associated with astigmatism may cause a special form of amblyopia, meridional amblyopia (MA). MA manifests itself as alterations in selective mechanisms of visual stimulus processing during recognition of contours of a certain orientation. Current routine examination of amblyopes does not include meridional acuity assessment and thus does not allow determining whether MA is present or not, as well as performing a more detailed evaluation of the efficacy of treatment for amblyopia in astigmats. Purpose: To optimize the algorithm for assessing the efficacy of stand-alone and complex methods of treatment for amblyopia in astigmats through the determination of the features of changes in visual acuities in orthogonal retinal meridians as vector quantities. Material and Methods: Twenty-four hyperopic astigmats with amblyopia (48 eyes) aged 5 to 12 years were involved in the study. Patients were treated by accommodative facility training only and, in 3 months, by complex therapy (accommodative facility training plus the use of device-based methods). Treatment course duration was 10 days. The results were assessed by changes in best-corrected visual acuity (Sivtsev Chart) and meridional separable visual acuity (MSVA) determined with the software which generates Landolt ring optotypes. Results: The study sample was found to be heterogeneous regarding the features of asymmetries in MSVA. Separable visual acuity in the horizontal meridian was equal in magnitude to that in the vertical meridian in 16.65% of patients. Asymmetries in separable visual acuity that may be considered MA were found in dominant and non-dominant (fellow) eyes in 83.35% of astigmats with amblyopia. Two different clusters were determined in the group with asymmetries in MSVA. Separable visual acuity in the horizontal meridian was higher than that in the vertical meridian in 35.45% of eyes in cluster 1, and lower than that in the vertical meridian in 47.85% of eyes in cluster 2. After treatment, mean separable visual acuity value in the vertical meridian was practically similar to that in the horizontal meridian in both groups for the dominant and fellow eyes, which allowed concluding that both methods were equally effective in treating the disease. However, the number of eyes with the same MSVA in orthogonal meridians increased by 10.41% after MA treatment with accommodative facility training only versus 18.75% after complex treatment. Conclusion: Assessing the features of changes in visual acuities in orthogonal retinal meridians as vector quantities enables obtaining principally new information on the performance of sensory functions in patients with amblyopia and assessing more reliably the efficacy of stand-alone and complex pleoptic methods as methods of treatment for MA.

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“…Physiotherapeutic adjuncts (transcutaneous electric or magnetic stimulation of the retina and optic nerve, vasolidator drug magnetophoresis or electrophoresis, stimulation of reflexogenic areas (reflexotherapy), acupressure, vibrostimulation, etc.) are used to improve the efficacy of treatment for amblyopia [8,9]. Of note that, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on the studies on the efficacy of common pleoptic methods in the treatment of MA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical-Reflection Method of Accommodative Facility Training on Meridional Acuity in Treatment of Astigmats With Amblyopia

Коломієць¹,

Kachan²

2022

InterConf+

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ackground: The efficacy of accommodative facility training as a method of treatment for meridional amblyopia (MA) in astigmatic children with amblyopia was studied. MA manifests itself as selective alterations in visual acuity (VA), with substantial differences in the ability to resolve contours of different orientations, and may cause impairments in mechanisms of integrated processing of visual stimulus, development of cognitive abilities in children and visual performance. Purpose: To assess the effect of optical-reflection method of accommodative facility training on vernier acuity in meridians (MVA) in the treatment of astigmatic children with amblyopia. Material and Methods: Twenty seven children aged 5 to 12 years, with both refractive amblyopia and with-the-rule hyperopic astigmatism were included in the study, and underwent an examination. The spherical component of refraction ranged from +0.5D to +5.5D, and the cylindical component, from 0.5D to 4.5D. Best-corrected visual acuity (Sivtsev Chart) was assessed. Accommodative facility training was performed monocularly by image defocusing with lenses of a variable power. A +0.5-D sphere was placed just in front of the best correction for the study eye in order to blur this line. The +0.5-D sphere was replaced by a -0.5-D sphere after the optotypes became clearly visible. Thereafter, the training cycle was repeated using a ±0.75-D sphere and, subsequently, a ±1.0-D sphere. Lens power was gradually increased until it could be compensated by accommodation. The treatment course consisted of one training session a day for 10 days. Special computer software was used to determine corrected MVA. Linear objects were presented on the computer screen, and the smallest lateral displacement of one line from another that can be detected by the examinee will characterize the level of MVA. Results: A new algorithm was proposed for assessing the efficacy of treatment of MA in astigmats, with refractive asymmetries and meridional asymmetries in vernier acuity considered as vector quantities. It was demonstrated that a group of amblyops with the same type of astigmatism was not homogeneous. It was found possible to split such a group of patients into three clusters that differ in the type of variation in meridional acuity in the orthogonal meridians compared to refractive asymmetries. One cluster had equal vernier acuities in the vertical and horizontal meridians, the second had vernier acuity in the horizontal meridian better than in the vertical meridian, and the third had vernier acuity in the horizontal meridian worse than in the vertical meridian. MVA was greater in magnitude in one of the orthogonal meridians than in another in the dominant eyes in 37% of study patients, and in the fellow eyes in 50% of study patients. MVA values in the orthogonal meridians were similar in 56.6% of study patients. There was a 15.1-percent increase, from 56.6% to 71.1% in the number of eyes with a similar vernier acuity in the orthogonal meridians after treatment. A positive effect was achieved through elimination of meridional asymmetry in vernier acuity in a portion of patients from clusters that differ in the direction of meridional asymmetry in vernier acuity. In addition, the number of eyes in the category of patients with a visual acuity of 0.75-0.8 (as assessed with complex optotypes) increased by 11.35%. Conclusion: The efficacy of treatment for MA should be assessed in homogeneous clusters with similar direction of meridional asymmetry in visual acuity. Preliminary data on the efficacy of treatment of amblyopia by accommodative facility training allows considering this training as a method of treatment for meridional amblyopia. The method of determination of meridional acuity should be included in the standard examination of patients with amblyopia.

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Instrumental Treatment of Amblyopia

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of optical-reflection method of accommodative facility training on meridional acuity in astigmats with amblyopia

Effect of optical-reflection method of accommodative facility training on meridional acuity in astigmats with amblyopia

Optimizing the algorithm for assessing the efficacy of treatment for amblyopia in astigmats through the investigation of the features of meridional acuity characteristics as vector quantities

Optical-Reflection Method of Accommodative Facility Training on Meridional Acuity in Treatment of Astigmats With Amblyopia

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