Instrumentation in Clinical Chemistry

Elin, Ronald J.

doi:10.1126/science.7423189

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This work represents a novel application of HPLC which appears at present to be one of the most valuable techniques in clinical biochemistry (Elin, 1980). Connection of a continuous flux radioactivity detector at the outlet of the chromatograph may be used in order to allow automatic analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous micro measurement of steroid receptors in breast cancer

Milano¹,

Moll²,

Formento³

et al. 1983

Br J Cancer

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Centre Antoine Lacassagne 36, voie romaine. 06054-Nice Cedex, France.Summary The oestradiol (RE) and progesterone (RP) receptor levels were analyzed in 26 tumour fragments (200-500mg) from breast cancer patients. After pulverization of tissue, one part was analyzed by the routine dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) The measurement of steroid hormone receptors is now a well-recognized common laboratory procedure (McGuire, 1980). This is due to the fact that breast cancer patients whose tumours contain both oestradiol (RE) and progesterone receptors (RP) are likely to respond in 75% of cases to endocrine treatment (Osborne & McGuire, 1979) whereas this proportion is only 10% for tumours without such receptors (McGuire, 1980).The most common measurement technique involving the use of dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) (McGuire, 1977) has certain intrinsic limits: a separate cytosol fraction is required for measurement of each receptor (Allegra et al., 1979). This necessitates a relatively large quantity of material that can only be obtained from a surgical specimen. This constraint considerably limits the applicability of receptor measurements, especially for the study of tumours in situ, despite the fact that the cellular heterogeneity of breast cancer is well-known (Hawkins et al., 1977). Although several authors have described the possibility of measuring steroid receptors in needle biopsy samples, it is difficult to evaluate several receptors in a single sample (Poulsen et al., 1979;Delarue et al., 1981). A recent method has been described for the simultaneous measurement of both RE this method difficult to utilize on a routine basis (Thibodeau et al., 1981). A combination of the DCC technique and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) has also been reported (Magdalenat, 1979). We adopted this last technique and attempted to determine its validity by correlation with the routine DCC technique and evaluation of its reproducibility. Materials and methodsCollection of samples The present study is based on the analysis of RE and RP measurements obtained by two methods: the method developed by us and the classical DCC method of McGuire et at. (1977) realized for RP by Pichon & Milgrom (1977) and used here on a routine basis. Following histological examination, fragments of the various tumours are divided into two parts; one was used for the simultaneous measurement of RE and RP receptors which provides an immediate result for the clinician; the other (200-500 mg) was rapidly placed in liquid nitrogen for later use in the comparative study.Samples were selected on the basis of the initial results in order to provide objective coverage of the range of values generally observed. The comparative study thus covered tumours from 26 patients. At the time of assay, tumour fragments were assessed by the two methods: the classical method used previously (in order to avoid a bias in results caused by freezing and thawing) and the micromethod described herein.(C) The

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous micro measurement of steroid receptors in breast cancer

Milano¹,

Moll²,

Formento³

et al. 1983

Br J Cancer

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“…12 Most of the Mg in the body (53%) is stored in bone, in an apatite inorganic matrix subject to regulated release. 13 Magnesium-based materials were first introduced for orthopedic applications in the beginning of the 20th century. Lambotte 14,15 first reported the use of a pure Mg plate along with goldplated steel nails to secure a lower leg bone fracture.…”

Section: Magnesium As a Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium as a biodegradable and bioabsorbable material for medical implants

Brar

Platt

Sarntinoranont

et al. 2009

JOM

217

115

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For many years, stainless steel, cobalt-chromium, and titanium alloys have been the primary biomaterials used for load-bearing applications. However, as the need for structural materials in temporary implant applications has grown, materials that provide short-term structural support and can be reabsorbed into the body after healing are being sought. Since traditional metallic biomaterials are typically biocompatible but not biodegradable, the potential for magnesium-based alloys in biomedical applications has gained more interest. This paper summarizes the history and current status of magnesium as a bioabsorbable implant material. Also discussed is the development of a magnesium-zinc-calcium alloy that demonstrates promising degradation behavior. Harpreet S. Brar, Peter I. Martin, and Michele V. Manuel are with the

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“…These processes encompass physical symptoms such as fever, weight loss, cough, sore throat, and heart arrhythmia and biological factors such as electrolyte concentration and composition (e.g., Na + , K + , and Ca 2+ ), glucose concentration, cholesterol concentration and composition, mutated DNA and RNA, and protein concentration and composition (e.g., Troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide, CA-125, prostate-specific antigen). Analytical instrumentation, including mass spectrometry (MS), has played an increasingly important role during the latter half of the twentieth century in measuring molecular species for clinical diagnosis (2–5). As the molecular specificity and sensitivity of analytical techniques have increased, so too has our awareness of the magnitude of biological complexity and its implications for discovering new molecular biomarkers of disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry–Based Biomarker Discovery: Toward a Global Proteome Index of Individuality

Hawkridge

Muddiman

2009

Annual Rev. Anal. Chem.

144

109

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Biomarker discovery and proteomics have become synonymous with mass spectrometry in recent years. Although this conflation is an injustice to the many essential biomolecular techniques widely used in biomarker-discovery platforms, it underscores the power and potential of contemporary mass spectrometry. Numerous novel and powerful technologies have been developed around mass spectrometry, proteomics, and biomarker discovery over the past 20 years to globally study complex proteomes (e.g., plasma). However, very few large-scale longitudinal studies have been carried out using these platforms to establish the analytical variability relative to true biological variability. The purpose of this review is not to cover exhaustively the applications of mass spectrometry to biomarker discovery, but rather to discuss the analytical methods and strategies that have been developed for mass spectrometry–based biomarker-discovery platforms and to place them in the context of the many challenges and opportunities yet to be addressed.

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Instrumentation in Clinical Chemistry

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

Simultaneous micro measurement of steroid receptors in breast cancer

Simultaneous micro measurement of steroid receptors in breast cancer

Magnesium as a biodegradable and bioabsorbable material for medical implants

Mass Spectrometry–Based Biomarker Discovery: Toward a Global Proteome Index of Individuality

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