Instruments of migration policy: A case of the Slovak Republic

Abstract

Abstract. Unpredictability of the migration movements; efforts to protect the state's territory from irregular and illegal activities; as well as tendency to fill in the gaps on the labour market in the receiving countries are only few out of many preconditions which stimulate attempts of the nation states to coordinate and influence migration on their territories using the instruments of the migration policy. However, the instruments as proposed in the strategic documents do not always meet the practical demands emerging from the migration profile of the particular state, or they are not applied properly -from different reasons. Our paper analyses the cited discrepancy in the Slovak Republic. The main aim is to identify instruments of the Slovak migration policy as presented in the latest strategic documents and compare the theoretical framework with the practical reality. The paper concludes by analysing reasons of existing gaps between the theory and practice in the Slovak settings.

Nexus between Climate Change, Displacement and Conflict: Afghanistan Case

“…It can be argued displacement is the outcome of the mixture of exposure, vulnerability and the intensity of the slow-onset events. Societies that are characterized by the same level of exposure due to their specific geographical position in hazard-prone areas and their exposure to geological and hydro-meteorological hazards and climate change may be characterized by diverse vulnerabilities specific to their economic, social and environmental challenges [61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. Vulnerable people have the smallest opportunities to adapt locally or to migrate away from risk and, while moving, often behave this way as a last possibility.…”

Reflections on the Gap Hypothesis in the Immigration Policy of the Slovak Republic

“…Migration policy means a systematic complex of state instruments in the area of immigration, asylum and integration, whose adoption at the national level is coordinated by a selected administration body (Stýskaliková, 2004;Barša, Baršová, 2005;Bolečeková, Olejárová, 2018). As a rule, in the research of migration policy we will come across the division of migration policy into immigration, asylum and integration (Baršová, Barša, 2005;Štefančík, 2011).…”

“…The established political discourse and changes in the behaviour of political actors are the reasons why international migration has been observed not only by experts in the fields of demography, economics, geography, sociology, cultural science, but, even though with some delay, also by political scientists (Freeman 1992(Freeman , 1995(Freeman , 2004Bolečeková, Olejárová, 2018). Just the delayed access by political scientists was, according to Freeman (2004, p. 113), the reason why "the most important and influential work on immigration and citizenship research, which should actually be at the core of political science interest, was originally created by non-political scientists".…”

Labour Market Disadvantages Faced by Migrant Workers from Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia in Britain

“…The Czech Republic is the traditional destination of Slovaks due to their common historical, linguistic, cultural and geographic proximity and favourable regulatory policies among the countries. The number of Slovaks working in Hungary is also estimated to be around 20,000, with more than 13,000 workers commuting to work from Slovakia to Hungary daily (Bolečeková et al, 2018;Šprocha et al, 2018;Vasylieva and Samusevych, 2018). OECD estimates indicated that between 2004 and 2010, on average about 10,000 Czech nationals returned home compared to 13,000 Slovaks and 22,000 Hungarians (Zaiceva and Zimmermann, 2016).…”