Insulin antibody response to bovine insulin therapy: functional significance among insulin requiring young diabetics in India

Immunogenicity of Human and Bovine Insulin in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

“…4 Bovine insulin is considered to be more antigenic than pork insulin. 2 Goswami et al 5 from India have tested the immunogenicity of bovine insulin but have not compared it with that of human insulin. Meta-analysis of over 45 randomized double-blinded studies has shown that there is no difference between immunogenicity of human and animal insulin, but also noted that these studies were of poor methodological quality, and the trial duration of some studies was only 1 month.…”

“…5,6 However, there are no studies comparing immunogenicity of synthetic and bovine insulins and its clinical significance. In a developing country like India, cost-effective management of the disease is of primary importance.…”

Pattern of Candida species isolated from patients with diabetes mellitus and vulvovaginal candidiasis and their response to single dose oral fluconazole therapy

“…HbA1 was measured to assess glycaemic control in patients with diabetic mellitus [mean (SD) 12.4G2.6%; NR: 7-8.0%]. 10 In vitro fluconazole (kind gift from Ranbaxy Ltd, India) susceptibility test was performed in a subset of isolates available from both diabetic (nZ28) and non-diabetic individuals (nZ14) using broth micro dilution method described by the National committee for clinical laboratory standard (NCCLS) document M27-A (now called CLSI; Clinical and laboratory standards institute Doc M21-A2). 11 In each test quality control strains and medium control were used.…”