Insulin as a Growth Factor

Hill, D. J.; Milner, R. D. G.

doi:10.1203/00006450-198509000-00001

Cited by 231 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Obesity has been demonstrated to be an independent predictor of left ventricular chamber size, left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass [31,32]. Insulin has been demonstrated to have trophic effects on cardiomyocytes in cell culture and may act as a growth factor, promoting the development of LVH [33]. It has also been suggested that, rather than acting on the heart directly, insulin may influence cardiac structure by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of left ventricular hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2005

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Aims/hypothesis: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at greater cardiovascular risk than the general population. Although it is widely acknowledged that diabetes is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, the increased prevalence of potentially lethal left ventricular abnormalities in this population is less well appreciated. Methods: We carried out an echocardiographic study of 500 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus to assess the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). We also assessed whether abnormalities in diastolic filling parameters were present. Results: Of the 371 patients in whom left ventricular mass could be successfully assessed, 264 had LVH (71%). Left ventricular systolic dysfunction was much less common, being present in 16/385 patients (4.2%). Long axis contraction was abnormal in 29/429 patients (6.8%). Diastolic filling abnormalities were present in 178/435 (41%) of patients who could be classified using the selected criteria. Conclusions: We conclude that left ventricular abnormalities are common in type 2 diabetic patients. As medical therapy is available for both LVH and LVSD and has been demonstrated to reduce cardiovascular death, these left ventricular abnormalities could be ideal targets for screening, followed by selective therapeutic intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of left ventricular hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2005

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“…In this perspective a rapid growth in itself may be considered a direct risk factor for diabetes in growing individuals. Alternatively, the basic mechanism may be a genetically determined tendency to hyperinsulinaemia, leading both to an accelerated growth [2] and perhaps also to an increase in the vulnerability of the Beta cell. In this context it is interesting to note that episodes of hypoglycaemia occur in pre-diabetic individuals [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insulin apparently promotes growth and differentiation both by a direct action and an indirect action via insulin-like growth factors [2].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A high linear growth is associated with an increased risk of childhood diabetes mellitus

1992

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Summary. Insulin release and growth are intimately connected. The aim of the present study was to investigate height and weight in diabetic children from birth to onset of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus compared to that in referent children. Data on height and weight were collected from mailed questionnaires and from growth records obtained from the child health clinics and schools in 337 recentonset diabetic children, 0-14 years old, and from 517 age-, sex-, and geographically matched referent children. A total of 9002 paired height and weight observations were collected. The anthropometric development of the children was expressed as standard deviation scores using the National Center for Health Statistics/Centers for Disease Control (NCHS/CDC) growth reference material. On the average, the diabetic children were consistently taller than the referent children, a finding more pronounced among the boys. The diabetic boys were significantly taller from 7 to i years before the clinical onset of the disease, regardless of age at onset. A similar tendency was found for the girls. When mean height from 5 to 1 years before onset was used as a possible risk factor for diabetes, a linearly increasing trend in the odds ratio was found for diabetes in boys (odds ratio = 1.0; 1.57; 2.46 for height standard deviation score values < 0; 0-1 and > 1, respectively;p = 0.002 for trend). A similar, but statistically not significant, tendency was found for girls (odds ratio = 1.0; 1.44; 1.43). As regards height increment from birth similar trends in odds ratios were found. Weight-for-height was similar among diabetic and referent children of both sexes. We conclude that diabetic boys tend to be taller and grow faster than referent boys for several years preceding the disease. A similar, but not statistically significant tendency was found among diabetic girls. Our findings indicate that rapid linear growth is a risk factor for Type I diabetes in childhood, and may be either a promoter of Type i diabetes or else a marker of a physiological mechanism that affects both growth and the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes.

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“…Child with diabetes exhibits a poor growth, contrasting with the overgrowth of the hyperinsulinemic infant of a diabetic mother (Hill and Milner, 1985). Diabetic pigs have a 50% lower BW than the controls (Romsos et al, 1971a).…”

Section: Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and development of adipose tissue and gut and related endocrine status during early growth in the pig: impact of low birth weight

Morise

Louveau

Huërou‐Luron

2008

Animal

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With genetic selection, the increase in litter size has led to higher variation in within-litter birth weights in pigs. This has been associated with a reduction in mean birth weights and a rise in the proportion of piglets weighing less than 1 kg at birth. Low birth weight pigs exhibit lower postnatal growth rates and feed efficiency, which may be explained by an inadequate digestion and/or nutrient use as a consequence of prenatal undernutrition. It is now documented that there is a relationship between birth weight and subsequent pattern of growth and development of tissues and organs. During the neonatal period, the rapid somatic growth is accompanied by tremendous anatomical, physiological and chemical composition changes. The present review focuses primarily on the influence of low birth weight on adipose tissue and the gastrointestinal tract growth and development during the suckling period. The importance of the somatotropic axis, insulin, thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, epidermal growth factor and leptin in the regulation of these developmental processes is also considered.

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Insulin as a Growth Factor

Cited by 231 publications

References 35 publications

The epidemiology of left ventricular hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

The epidemiology of left ventricular hypertrophy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

A high linear growth is associated with an increased risk of childhood diabetes mellitus

Growth and development of adipose tissue and gut and related endocrine status during early growth in the pig: impact of low birth weight

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