Insulin Modulates Food-Related Activity in the Central Nervous System

Guthoff, Martina; Grichisch, Yuko; Canova, Carlos; Tschritter, Otto; Veit, Ralf; Hallschmid, Manfred; Häring, Hans‐Ulrich; Preißl, Hubert; Hennige, Anita M.; Fritsche, Andreas

doi:10.1210/endo.151.1.9997

Cited by 40 publications

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“…Thus, augmented insulin sensitivity can promote insulin's effects in the later postprandial state. Physiologically, this biphasic response is reasonable and we therefore propose that, apart from the many other effects of insulin on the brain [11][12][13]30], the central action of the hormone regulates its own efficiency in peripheral tissues in a time-dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…One tool, the nasal administration of insulin, allows selective investigation of insulin's effects on the human brain without causing relevant peripheral effects [9]. Using this technique, insulin action in the brain has been shown to affect a number of cerebral functions in healthy humans [10], namely declarative memory [11], spontaneous brain activity [12] and food-related activity [13,14]. Functional MRI (fMRI) in combination with nasal administration of insulin identified insulin-sensitive regions in vivo that may contribute to those functions [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using this technique, insulin action in the brain has been shown to affect a number of cerebral functions in healthy humans [10], namely declarative memory [11], spontaneous brain activity [12] and food-related activity [13,14]. Functional MRI (fMRI) in combination with nasal administration of insulin identified insulin-sensitive regions in vivo that may contribute to those functions [13]. Furthermore, long-term nasal application of insulin reduces the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as indicated by decreased serum cortisol levels [11,[15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nasal insulin changes peripheral insulin sensitivity simultaneously with altered activity in homeostatic and reward-related human brain regions

et al. 2012

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Aims/hypothesis Impaired insulin sensitivity is a major factor leading to type 2 diabetes. Animal studies suggest that the brain is involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. We investigated whether insulin action in the human brain regulates peripheral insulin sensitivity and examined which brain areas are involved. Methods Insulin and placebo were given intranasally. Plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide were measured in 103 participants at 0, 30 and 60 min. A subgroup (n012) was also studied with functional MRI, and blood sampling at 0, 30 and 120 min. For each time-point, the HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated as an inverse estimate of peripheral insulin sensitivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nasal insulin changes peripheral insulin sensitivity simultaneously with altered activity in homeostatic and reward-related human brain regions

et al. 2012

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“…This region, therefore, appears to be sensitive to postprandial glycemic and hormonal actions. In this regard, it is important that food-related fusiform gyrus activity is specifically modulated by insulin (44). Thus, the higher activity in the fusiform gyrus may indicate an improved insulin sensitivity of the brain region after bariatric surgery with improved glycemic control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Food Reward Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Improved Glycemic Control After Bariatric Surgery

et al. 2016

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OBJECTIVEObesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with altered foodrelated neuronal functions. Besides weight loss, substantial improvement of glucose metabolism in patients with T2DM can be achieved by bariatric surgery. We aimed to target the neuronal and behavioral correlates of improved glycemic control after bariatric surgery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSTwo patient groups with T2DM were recruited. The treatment group (n = 12) consisted of patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, and a control group consisted of patients who did not undergo surgery (n = 12). The groups were matched for age and current BMI. HbA 1c was matched by using the presurgical HbA 1c of the RYGB group and the current HbA 1c of the nonsurgical group. Neuronal activation during a food reward task was measured using functional MRI (fMRI). Behavioral data were assessed through questionnaires. RESULTSRYGB improved HbA 1c from 7.07 6 0.50 to 5.70 6 0.16% (P < 0.05) and BMI from 52.21 6 1.90 to 35.71 6 0.84 kg/m 2 (P < 0.001). Behavioral results showed lower wanting and liking scores as well as lower eating behavior-related pathologies for the patients after RYGB than for similar obese subjects without surgery but with impaired glycemic control. The fMRI analysis showed higher activation for the nonsurgical group in areas associated with inhibition and reward as well as in the precuneus, a major connectivity hub in the brain. By contrast, patients after RYGB showed higher activation in the visual, motor, cognitive control, memory, and gustatory regions. CONCLUSIONSIn obese patients with diabetes, RYGB normalizes glycemic control and leads to food reward-related brain activation patterns that are different from those of obese patients with less-well-controlled T2DM and without bariatric surgery. The differences in food reward processing might be one factor in determining the outcome of bariatric surgery in patients with T2DM.

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“…We postulate that differences in insulin signaling during the cephalic response to food pictures may be a contributing factor. Intranasal insulin administration at a dose that did not affect glucose concentrations reduced responses to food pictures in the right and left fusiform gyrus, the right hippocampus, the right temporal superior cortex, and the right frontal middle cortex (30). The negative correlation between insulin sensitivity and BOLD signal in numerous ROIs in response to the HC -C and LC -C contrasts may reflect a greater cephalic phase-induced inhibition of corticolimbic brain responses in insulin-sensitive subjects compared to insulin-resistant subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Insulin Sensitivity on Corticolimbic Responses to Food Picture in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Vugt

Krzemien

Alsaadi

et al. 2013

Obesity

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Objective Insulin is one of several molecules that transmit information about energy balance to the brain. It has been hypothesized that insulin resistance fosters non‐homeostatic eating. The objective of the current study was to characterize corticolimbic brain responses to appetitive stimuli in subjects with insulin sensitivities ranging from resistant to normal. Design and Methods Sixteen women diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while viewing pictures of high calorie (HC) foods, low calorie (LC) foods, and control (C) pictures. Results A region of interest analysis of the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal revealed widespread activation within corticolimbic regions in response to food pictures. Activated regions included the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) , insula, nucleus accumbens (NAc), pallidum, ventral tegmental area (VTA), putamen, amygdala, caudate, substantia nigra, hippocampus, pulvinar, and midbrain. Activation of the anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and midbrain by HC food pictures (HC — C) and activation of the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), pallidum, substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area (VTA), pulvinar, and midbrain by LC food pictures (LC — C) was negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity. In contrast, activation of the OFC, DLPFC, insula, hypothalamus, pallidum, substantia nigra, VTA, pulvinar, and midbrain by the HC — LC contrast was positively correlated with insulin sensitivity, whereas activation of the caudate was negatively correlated. Conclusions The association between insulin sensitivity and corticolimbic responses to food pictures may reflect abnormal brain responses to insulin feedback that contribute to the development and or perpetuation of obesity in PCOS.

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Insulin Modulates Food-Related Activity in the Central Nervous System

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Nasal insulin changes peripheral insulin sensitivity simultaneously with altered activity in homeostatic and reward-related human brain regions

Nasal insulin changes peripheral insulin sensitivity simultaneously with altered activity in homeostatic and reward-related human brain regions

Neuronal Food Reward Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Improved Glycemic Control After Bariatric Surgery

Effect of Insulin Sensitivity on Corticolimbic Responses to Food Picture in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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