Intake of amino acids by breast-milk-fed infants and amino acid composition of cow's milk and human milk

Protein Requirements of Infants: 3. The Nutrition of Premature Infants

“…31 100 g. and 155 g. are protein (Macy and Hunscher, 1934;Huggett, 1946). On a basis of bodyweight this is about 2-0 g./kg./day, whereas the full-term infant during the first month of life retains 1I0 g./kg./day of protein (Beach, Bernstein, and Macy, 1941), and as it grows older the amount falls to about 0 75 g./kg./day (Daniels and Hejinian, 1929;Jeans and Stearns, 1933;Nelson, 1930;Albanese, 1947). If the premature infant is to follow the pattern of growth which it would have achieved in utero, it must continue to retain as large amounts of protein as would have been laid down if gestation had been continued to term.…”

“…Utilization of Protein by Premature and Full-term Infants Gordon, Levine, Wheatley, and Marples (1937) found that premature infants fed on human milk (or 'humanized ' cow's milk mixtures) utilized about 70% of protein, retaining an average of 0-245 g. of nitrogen which is equivalent to about 1-5 g. protein/kg./day and represents a highly efficient use of the food. Full-term infants fed on similar diets retain less nitrogen, their utilization of protein being of the order of 50% which is equivalent to about 1 g./kg./day (Beach et al, 1941). By raising the quantity of cows' milkand hence the protein-given to full-term infants, Nelson (1930) found that increased amounts of nitrogen were stored and that the babies gained more weight, but the maximum retention of protein was only about 1*3 g./kg./day and not nearly as great as that which is laid down by premature babies on high protein diets.…”

— Invited Review — Amino acid requirements in horses

“…Growth rate: In a previous study, the effect of dietary amino acid composition on body protein deposition was evaluated to estimate amino acid requirements for normal growth in infants [77]. This study was the first approach to estimate amino acid needs by measuring growth rate.…”

Breast-milk production and energy exchange in human lactation

“…In particular, there is a dearth of information in the literature concerning the longitudinal measurement of the milk production of breast-feeding mothers living under normal social and dietetic conditions. Beach et al (1941) reported a mean intake by two infants of 0.792 litres/24 h for a 5-month period from birth and Chilver & McCance (1 967) recorded a mean daily milk intake of 0.818 litres during the first 21 weeks of life.…”