INTEGRAL Observations of GW170104

Abstract

INTEGRAL Observations of GW170104Savchenko Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Savchenko, V., Ferrigno, C., Bozzo, E., Bazzano, A., Brandt, S., Chenevez, J., ... Ubertini, P. (2017 AbstractWe used data from the International Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL) to set upper limits on the γ-ray and hard X-ray prompt emission associated with the gravitational-wave event GW170104, discovered by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo collaboration. The unique omnidirectional viewing capability of the instruments on board INTEGRAL allowed us to examine the full 90% confidence level localization region of the LIGO trigger. Depending on the particular spectral model assumed and the specific position within this region, the upper limits inferred from the INTEGRAL observations range from F γ =1.9×10ergcm −2 (75 keV-2 MeV energy range). This translates into a ratio between the prompt energy released in γ-rays along the direction to the observer and the gravitational-wave energy of E γ /E GW <2.6×10 . Using the INTEGRAL results, we cannot confirm the γ-ray proposed counterpart to GW170104 by the Astro-Rivelatore Gamma a Immagini Leggero (AGILE) team with the mini-Calorimeter (MCAL) instrument. The reported flux of the AGILE/MCAL event, E2, is not compatible with the INTEGRAL upper limits within most of the 90% LIGO localization region. There is only a relatively limited portion of the sky where the sensitivity of the INTEGRAL instruments was not optimal and the lowest-allowed fluence estimated for E2 would still be compatible with the INTEGRAL results. This region was also observed independently by Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and AstroSAT, from which, as far as we are aware, there are no reports of any significant detection of a prompt high-energy event.

GRB 170817A Associated with GW170817: Multi-frequency Observations and Modeling of Prompt Gamma-Ray Emission

“…The plotted afterglow roughly corresponds to the J-filter in the rest frame. For correct calculation of luminosity light curves of GRB 170817A and GRB 130603B we used Galactic extinction in the direction of the bursts, E(B − V ) = 0.109 and E(B − V ) = 0.02, correspondingly (Schlafly & Finkbeiner 2011). A host galaxy extinction was not taken into account.…”

The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. II. UV, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves and Comparison to Kilonova Models

“…The first direct detection of gravitational waves from the inspiral and merger of a binary neutron star (BNS) was made on 2017 August 17 (GW170817; LIGO Scientific Collaboration & Virgo Collaboration 2017a, 2017c. This source was coincident with a short burst of gamma-rays detected by both Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) and INTEGRAL (GRB 170817A; Blackburn et al 2017;Goldstein et al 2017aGoldstein et al , 2017bSavchenko et al 2017aSavchenko et al , 2017bvon Kienlin et al 2017). Rapid optical follow-up by our Dark Energy Camera (DECam) program (Flaugher et al 2015), starting just 11.4 hr after the GW trigger, led to the discovery of an associated optical counterpart in the nearby ( » d 39.5 Mpc; Freedman et al 2001) galaxy NGC 4993 (Allam et al 2017;Soares-Santos et al 2017).…”

A Search for Low-energy Neutrinos Correlated with Gravitational Wave Events GW 150914, GW 151226, and GW 170104 with the Borexino Detector

“…Electromagnetic detectors of photons, including Xand γ-rays [8][9][10][11][12][13] also did not show any counterpart for various wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation except a weak coincident excess above 50 keV and 0.4 s after GW159014 claimed by Fermi gamma-ray burst monitor [12,14]. Data from the detectors listed above would be very important in determining the location of the GW source in the sky.…”