Integrated assessment of variable density–viscosity groundwater flow for a high temperature mono-well aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES) system in a geothermal reservoir

Zeghici, Răzvan Mihai; Essink, Gualbert Oude; Hartog, Niels; Sommer, Wijbrand

doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.12.006

Cited by 40 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Alternatively, the use of a monowell configuration (e.g. Zeghici et al 2015) allows the cold supply well to be screened in a deeper, more saline aquifer which acts as the source for the required salinity.…”

Section: Salinity Management Of Density Difference Compensated Ht-atementioning

confidence: 99%

The use of salinity contrast for density difference compensation to improve the thermal recovery efficiency in high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage systems

2016

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The efficiency of heat recovery in high-temperature (>60°C) aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES) systems is limited due to the buoyancy of the injected hot water. This study investigates the potential to improve the efficiency through compensation of the density difference by increased salinity of the injected hot water for a single injection-recovery well scheme. The proposed method was tested through numerical modeling with SEAWATv4, considering seasonal HT-ATES with four consecutive injection-storage-recovery cycles. Recovery efficiencies for the consecutive cycles were investigated for six cases with three simulated scenarios: (a) regular HT-ATES, (b) HT-ATES with density difference compensation using saline water, and (c) theoretical regular HT-ATES without free thermal convection. For the reference case, in which 80°C water was injected into a high-permeability aquifer, regular HT-ATES had an efficiency of 0.40 after four consecutive recovery cycles. The density difference compensation method resulted in an efficiency of 0.69, approximating the theoretical case (0.76). Sensitivity analysis showed that the net efficiency increase by using the density difference compensation method instead of regular HT-ATES is greater for higher aquifer hydraulic conductivity, larger temperature difference between injection water and ambient groundwater, smaller injection volume, and larger aquifer thickness. This means that density difference compensation allows the application of HT-ATES in thicker, more permeable aquifers and with larger temperatures than would be considered for regular HT-ATES systems.

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Section: Salinity Management Of Density Difference Compensated Ht-atementioning

confidence: 99%

The use of salinity contrast for density difference compensation to improve the thermal recovery efficiency in high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage systems

2016

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“…While for high temperature (> 45°C) ATES systems, the negative impact of the buoyancy of the stored hot water on thermal recovery efficiency typically needs to be considered (Lopik et al, 2016;Zeghici et al, 2015), this can be neglected for low temperature ATES systems (Doughty et al, 1982;Zuurbier et al, 2013). However, as these low temperature ATES systems are typically targeting relatively shallow aquifers, the impact of stored volume displacement by ambient groundwater flow requires consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the impact of storage conditions on the thermal recovery efficiency of low-temperature ATES systems

Bloemendal

Hartog

2018

Geothermics

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A B S T R A C TAquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) is a technology with worldwide potential to provide sustainable space heating and cooling using groundwater stored at different temperatures. The thermal recovery efficiency is one of the main parameters that determines the overall energy savings of ATES systems and is affected by storage specifics and site-specific hydrogeological conditions. Although beneficial for the optimization of ATES design, thus far a systematic analysis of how different principal factors affect thermal recovery efficiency is lacking. Therefore, analytical approaches were developed, extended and tested numerically to evaluate how the loss of stored thermal energy by conduction, dispersion and displacement by ambient groundwater flow affect thermal recovery efficiency under different storage conditions. The practical framework provided in this study is valid for the wide range of practical conditions as derived from 331 low-temperature (< 25°C) ATES systems in practice.Results show that thermal energy losses from the stored volume by conduction across the boundaries of the stored volume dominate those by dispersion for all practical storage conditions evaluated. In addition to conduction, the displacement of stored thermal volumes by ambient groundwater flow is also an important process controlling the thermal recovery efficiencies of ATES systems. An analytical expression was derived to describe the thermal recovery efficiency as a function of the ratio of the thermal radius of the stored volume over ambient groundwater flow velocity (R th /u). For the heat losses by conduction, simulation results showed that the thermal recovery efficiency decreases linearly with increasing surface area over volume ratios for the stored volume (A/ V), as was confirmed by the derivation of A/V-ratios for previous ATES studies. In the presence of ambient groundwater flow, the simulations showed that for R th /u < 1 year, displacement losses dominated conduction losses. Finally, for the optimization of overall thermal recovery efficiency as affected by these two main processes, the optimal design value for the ratio of well screen length over thermal radius (L/R th ) was shown to decrease with increasing ambient flow velocities while the sensitivity for this value increased. While in the absence of ambient flow a relatively broad optimum exists around an L/R th -ratio of 0.5-3, at 40 m/year of ambient groundwater flow the optimal L/R th -value ranges from 0.25 to 0.75. With the insights from this study, the consideration of storage volumes, the selection of suitable aquifer sections and well screen lengths can be supported in the optimization of ATES systems world-wide.

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“…With simulations, they showed the impact of ATES systems on the subsurface and described the current way of dealing with these impacts in the Netherlands. Zeghicia et al [18] assessed the suitability of using heat and cold storage in a single deep geothermal aquifer for district heating and cooling. They used an integrated modelling approach to evaluating the controls on the energy e ciency of High-Temperature Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (HT-ATES).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Operational Alternatives of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System for Cooling and Heating of a Residential Complex under Various Climatic Conditions of Iran

2018

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In this research, a con ned aquifer with low groundwater ow was considered to meet the cooling and heating requirements of residential complexes. The complexes were located in the cities of Ahvaz, Ardabil, Bandar Abbas, Esfahan, Kerman, Rasht, Tehran, and Zahedan. The complex in Ardabil mostly required heating, the ones in Ahvaz and Bandar Abbas mostly required cooling, and the complexes in other cities required both heating and cooling. Four di erent alternatives of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) were analyzed in this study. These alternatives consisted of using ATES: 1) alone for cooling, 2) coupled with a conventional refrigeration system or a chiller for cooling, 3) by employing at plate solar collectors for heating, and 4) by employing at plate solar collectors and a heat pump for heating. Thermal energy recovery factor and the annual Coe cient Of Performance (COP) of the alternatives were determined. The results showed that for buildings located in cities with mild climatic conditions (such as Esfahan), where the annual heating and cooling energy requirements were almost equal, the use of ATES would be highly recommendable, no matter through what alternative considered in this investigation.

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Integrated assessment of variable density–viscosity groundwater flow for a high temperature mono-well aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES) system in a geothermal reservoir

Cited by 40 publications

References 42 publications

The use of salinity contrast for density difference compensation to improve the thermal recovery efficiency in high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage systems

The use of salinity contrast for density difference compensation to improve the thermal recovery efficiency in high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage systems

Analysis of the impact of storage conditions on the thermal recovery efficiency of low-temperature ATES systems

Different Operational Alternatives of Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage System for Cooling and Heating of a Residential Complex under Various Climatic Conditions of Iran

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