“…Existing literature related to the P&R facility location problem can be generally categorized into three classes, i.e., decision support system [5,6], equilibrium analysis [7,8] and mathematical programming [9][10][11][12][13]. Horner and Grubesic [5] and Faghri et al [6] X. Lu, R. Guo: A Bi-Objective Model for Siting Park-and-Ride Facilities with Spatial Equity Constraints developed various hybrid knowledge-based expert system and geographic information system tools to determine the optimal location of a P&R facility.…”