Integrating battery into MMC submodule using passive technique

Wersland, Sigurd Byrkjedal; Acharya, Anirudh Budnar; Norum, Lars

doi:10.1109/compel.2017.8013309

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This circulating current flows through the SMs but not the external phase connections. Intentionally adding circulating harmonic currents has previously been proposed and used to reduce capacitor voltage ripple in DSCC (2 nd order harmonic current injection) [27]. In [21] the authors demonstrated that the required number of ESE-SMs can be significantly reduced by injecting 2 nd order harmonic currents in to the current waveform of the converter.…”

Section: Analysis Of Prs-statcom Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Delta-Connected Modular Multilevel STATCOM With Partially-Rated Energy Storage for Provision of Ancillary Services

Mian

Judge

Junyent-Ferr

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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This paper proposes a delta-connected Modular Multilevel STATCOM with partially rated storage (PRS-STATCOM), capable of providing both reactive and active power support. The purpose is to provide short-term energy storage enabled grid support services such as inertial and frequency response, either alongside or temporarily instead of standard STATCOM voltage support. The topology proposed here contains two types of sub-modules (SM) in each phase-leg: standard submodules (STD-SMs) and energy storage element sub-modules (ESE-SMs) with a dc-dc interface converter between the SM capacitor and the ESE. A control structure has been developed that allows energy transfer between the SM capacitor and the ESE resulting in active power exchange between the converter and the grid. Injecting 3 rd harmonic current into the converter waveforms can be used to increase the amount of power that can be extracted from the ESE-SMs and so reduce the required ESE-SMs fraction in each phase-leg. Simulation results demonstrate that for three selected active power ratings, 1 pu, 2 3 pu, & 1 3 pu, the fraction of SMs that need be converted to ESE-SMs are only 69%, 59% & 38%. Thus, the proposed topology is effective in adding real power capability to a STATCOM without a large increase in equipment cost.

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Section: Analysis Of Prs-statcom Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Delta-Connected Modular Multilevel STATCOM With Partially-Rated Energy Storage for Provision of Ancillary Services

Mian

Judge

Junyent-Ferr

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…Then, the corrected energy storage could be used to quantify and optimize the ESS scale and its capital cost [22], [25]- [27]. For the proposed structure, the deliberate use of low-rated FB-SM voltages within the ESS permits direct connection of the EM across the FB-SM [16], [28]. The CHB converter investment cost can be evaluated as in [29] and [30].…”

Section: Energy Storage System Sizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Converter Station Structure for Improving Multiterminal HVDC System Resiliency Against AC and DC Faults

Wang

Ahmed

Adam

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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In an effort to minimize the power disruption between a dc grid and ac grids that host power converters during ac and dc network faults, this paper proposes a novel converter station structure to improve ac and dc fault ride-through performance of the multiterminal HVDC grid. The proposed structure consists of two independent ac and dc interfacing circuits, which are a half-bridge modular multilevel converter and a cascaded Hbridge (CHB) based energy storage system. Taking the advantages of high controllability and flexibility of the independent CHB converter and ease of integrating energy modules, a decoupled power relationship between the ac and dc sides is achieved, which is important for enhancing ac and dc fault performance. Operation of the proposed converter station under normal conditions and during ac and dc faults is explained, with the control system presented. Simulation validation of the proposed structure on a three-terminal HVDC grid confirms the enhanced performance, including the continuous operation during ac and dc faults with negligible power transfer disruption.

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“…Among various types of multilevel VSCs, modular multilevel converter (MMC) has become a remarkably appealing topology for high-voltage-direct-current (HVDC) transmission system and medium-voltage applications [5,6]. In addition to the inherited feature of multilevel VSCs -generation of close sinusoidal output voltage and current with low harmonic distortion, the MMC is also excellent in terms of modularity, scalability, ability to handle a wide range of power ratings, redundancy and efficiency [6][7][8]. Thus, other potential applications for MMC include flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS), photovoltaic generation, wind turbine applications, electric drives, static var compensation (STATCOM), frequency converters and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) [5,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arm energy balancing control in AACs: a comparative analysis

Leow

Ooi

2020

IET Power Electronics

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The alternate arm converter (AAC) is an emerging state-of-the-art topology for voltage-source converter (VSC) by combining two-level converter and modular multilevel converter (MMC). The AAC performs better than the MMC in terms of the ability to block DC-side faults and ride through AC-side faults. Moreover, the number of sub-modules (SMs) per arm of the AAC is reduced by about 50% compared with the MMC. The key issue with AAC is the energy deviation during the alternate operation between the upper and lower arms. Presently, several AAC balancing techniques have been proposed, but no comparative analysis has been performed to provide insight on the effect of each balancing technique on AAC performance. In this study, five proposed balancing techniques are reviewed accordingly, followed by comparing them in terms of four parameters-the presence of DC filter, balancing capability, the presence of redundant SMs and zero-current switching control. Furthermore, a simulation work has been performed to study and compare the effects of each of the five balancing techniques. Both literature and simulation-based comparative analysis are significant to help select appropriate balancing technique as well as to provide helpful insights to improve the existing balancing techniques.

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Integrating battery into MMC submodule using passive technique

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

A Delta-Connected Modular Multilevel STATCOM With Partially-Rated Energy Storage for Provision of Ancillary Services

A Delta-Connected Modular Multilevel STATCOM With Partially-Rated Energy Storage for Provision of Ancillary Services

A Novel Converter Station Structure for Improving Multiterminal HVDC System Resiliency Against AC and DC Faults

Arm energy balancing control in AACs: a comparative analysis

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