“…Teaching English has experienced LMS's involvement in developing language skills and language components. The involvement of LMS in the teaching of productive skills, speaking and writing (Seau & Azman, 2021;Sundari & Leonard, 2021;Truong, 2021) and the receptive skills, listening and reading, has improved learners' mastery (Sulistyanto & Imada, 2020), as well as the mastery on language components (Ivanjko & Grubješi, 2019;Novitasari et al, 2018;Safitri & Lestari, 2021). It is also perceived that the involvement of LMS provides learners with autonomy (Zainuddin et al, 2019) where learners study at their own pace and time availability (Manurung, 2005;Rahman, 2014), the teachers become ICT literate (Omar & Yaacob, 2020), and the institutions provide support to facilitate the language teaching (Lalima & Lata Dangwal, 2017).…”