Integrating livelihoods and conservation in protected areas: understanding the role and stakeholder views on prospects for non-timber forest products, a Bangladesh case study

Mukul, Sharif A.; Uddin, Mohammad Belal; Rashid, Audil; Fox, Jefferson

doi:10.1080/13504500903549676

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In Bangladesh, even though people can have partial supports for their livelihoods from forest resources mostly through an act of forest sanitation, PAs are practically free from commercial removal of timber and nontimber forest products (Mukul, Manzoor Rashid, Uddin, & Khan, 2016). However, due to poor socio-economic background, such definition of PAs turns to a hypothetical conception in Bangladesh and traditionally people living in or around the PAs exploit various forest resources from the PAs for their subsistence (Mukul et al, 2016;Mukul, Uddin, Manzoor Rashid, & Fox, 2010). Therefore, conflicts occurred between PA managers and the forest dependent people living in and around the PAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The competitiveness of the phytosociological attributes of the protected areas in Bangladesh with that in the other tropical countries

Rahman

Mahmud

Shahidullah

et al. 2016

Journal of Sustainable Forestry

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Many forest reserves in Bangladesh have been converted to protected areas (PAs) to conserve the forests resources from further depletion. This study has investigated if such initiatives have improved the state of biodiversity of these PAs amid tremendous anthropogenic pressure on forest resources. We have assessed the phytosociological attributes of the PAs in the country through a case study at Kaptai National Park (KNP) and compared the attributes with those of the adjacent areas and of the tropical forests across the world. We have identified 52 species belonging to 45 genera and 28 families. The most dominant species in KNP was Dipterocarpus spp. and the adjacent area was dominated by Tectona grandis. Unexpectedly, the Shannon-Wiener index of KNP has dropped down from 2.98 in 2000 to 0.90 in 2014. However, in terms of relative density, relative dominance, and relative frequency, KNP was better than the adjacent areas. In contrast, the mean Shannon-Wiener index in KNP (0.90) was smaller than that in the tropical countries (2.99). We recommend strengthening effective comanagement of PAs and enabling nonforestry income generation activities for the forestdependent people so that the biodiversity of the PAs can be enriched while people's livelihoods are ensured.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The competitiveness of the phytosociological attributes of the protected areas in Bangladesh with that in the other tropical countries

Rahman

Mahmud

Shahidullah

et al. 2016

Journal of Sustainable Forestry

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“…The importance for a tribe or local people to secure their land resources in order to survive should not be understated. For example, a case study in Bangladesh that examined community livelihoods from non-timber forest product (NTFP) resources shows a strong dependence on their resources (Mukul et al 2010). A case in Alcântara (Brazil) illustrated that local people depend on traditional agriculture slash-andburn methods to fulfil their livelihood, which deviates from cultivation of nontraditional crop commodities (Celentano et al 2014;Oestreicher et al 2014).…”

Section: Relevance Of the Results For Merauke Districtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating participatory GIS into spatial planning regulation: the case of Merauke District, Papua, Indonesia

Sulistyawan

Verweij

Boot

et al. 2018

International Journal of the Commons

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In many cases, government institutions insufficiently consider the traditional land use of community areas in spatial planning policy. Although numerous investigations into the participatory mapping of community lands have occurred, their results have not been adequately incorporated into the policy realm. In Indonesia, Spatial Planning Regulation (SPR), or locally known as Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) is an instrument to guide land use practices in the categories of development and protected areas. Using a case study for the Merauke district in Papua province in Indonesia, we demonstrate how participatory mapping results of important community areas were integrated into district-level spatial planning through Participatory GIS (PGIS). There are three phases to the process of integrating PGIS into Spatial Planning Regulation. The first phase is to develop a shared vision between the customary communities and the district government and gain a commitment from both parties to use the results in further planning processes. The second phase is to facilitate the PGIS process, which is conducted by the community and a facilitator -in this case a team of WWF Indonesia Sahul Papua Region Office -, and the final phase is to integrate the PGIS results of the important community areas into spatial planning regulation. The results of our case study showed that of the total area adopted by the RTRW, about 69% were important community areas designated as cultural preservation areas. The remaining important community areas were allocated to two other land use categories: protected areas (22%) and development areas (9%). In this case, 91% of the community areas (647,850 hectares) were secured from other land use purposes such as large-scale agriculture, mining, forestry, and infrastructure. The PGIS approach can be applied to districts across Indonesia for mapping community land use practices and integrating them into Spatial Planning Regulation.

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“…In Bangladesh, biodiversity conservation is challenging due to high population pressure, limited land designated for conservation, and high dependence of rural people on forests [25,38]. Conflicts between protected area managers and local peoples are common in the country due to limited access of local people to different income-generating options and poor recognition of their traditional ways of living [16,25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation Benefits of Tropical Multifunctional Land-Uses in and Around a Forest Protected Area of Bangladesh

Mukul

Saha

2017

Land

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Abstract:Competing interests in land for agriculture and commodity production in tropical human-dominated landscapes make forests and biodiversity conservation particularly challenging. Establishment of protected areas in this regard is not functioning as expected due to exclusive ecological focus and poor recognition of local people's traditional forest use and dependence. In recent years, multifunctional land-use systems such as agroforestry have widely been promoted as an efficient land-use in such circumstances, although their conservation effectiveness remains poorly investigated. We undertake a rapid biodiversity survey to understand the conservation value of four contrasting forms of local land-use, namely: betel leaf (Piper betle) agroforestry; lemon (Citrus limon) agroforestry; pineapple (Ananas comosus) agroforestry; and, shifting cultivation-fallow managed largely by the indigenous communities in and around a highly diverse forest protected area of Bangladesh. We measure the alpha and beta diversity of plants, birds, and mammals in these multifunctional land-uses, as well as in the old-growth secondary forest in the area. Our study finds local land-use critical in conserving biodiversity in the area, with comparable biodiversity benefits as those of the old-growth secondary forest. In Bangladesh, where population pressure and rural people's dependence on forests are common, multifunctional land-uses in areas of high conservation priority could potentially be used to bridge the gap between conservation and commodity production, ensuring that the ecological integrity of such landscapes will be altered as little as possible.

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Integrating livelihoods and conservation in protected areas: understanding the role and stakeholder views on prospects for non-timber forest products, a Bangladesh case study

Cited by 58 publications

References 38 publications

The competitiveness of the phytosociological attributes of the protected areas in Bangladesh with that in the other tropical countries

The competitiveness of the phytosociological attributes of the protected areas in Bangladesh with that in the other tropical countries

Integrating participatory GIS into spatial planning regulation: the case of Merauke District, Papua, Indonesia

Conservation Benefits of Tropical Multifunctional Land-Uses in and Around a Forest Protected Area of Bangladesh

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