Integrating multiple 3D views through frame-of-reference interaction

Abstract

Frame-of-reference interaction consists of a unified set of 3D interaction techniques for exploratory navigation of large virtual spaces in non-immersive environments. It is based on a conceptual framework that considers navigation from a cognitive perspectiveas a way of facilitating changes in user attention from one reference frame to another-rather than from the mechanical perspective of moving a camera between different points of interest. All of our techniques link multiple frames of reference in some meaningful way. Some techniques link multiple windows within a zooming environment while others allow seamless changes of user focus between static objects, moving objects, and groups of moving objects. We present our techniques as they are implemented in GeoZui3D, a geographic visualization system for ocean data.

State of the Art: Coordinated & Multiple Views in Exploratory Visualization

“…In fact, the user can interact with the system to change the data processing, to filter the data and select what is displayed [6], change how the information is mapped (such as by changing the colourmap), navigate the information (zoom in and out and fly round the data [47]) and change where the windows are placed on the screen (such as the dynamic splitters in the GeoWizard GUI [26]). There are two styles of interaction: indirect and direct manipulation.…”

Coordinated hybrid virtual environments: Seamless interaction contexts for effective virtual reality

“…For example, multiple views can be "snapped together" to better reveal their relationships and ease the gap between transitions [36]. Multiple views of 3D data can also be linked [37], or integrated through frame-of-reference interaction [38]. Guidelines for view management have been provided to minimize the cognitive overhead of context switching [35].…”

“…Egocentric (body-centered) and exocentric (object-centered) are two reference frames commonly discussed in VR [38].…”

Interactive navigation of segmented MR angiograms using simultaneous curved planar and volume visualizations

“…Navigation in CPR has 2 degrees of freedom (DOF): movement along the vessel axis and rotation around the axis. The same navigation is meaningful in DVR, if we assume one particular point as the point of focus (see also the work of for example Plumlee and Ware [14] who call this the frame of reference (FoR)). Both views are then centered on the same point, and rotation angle can also be coupled.…”