“…The final phase is the independent practice phase, aimed at strengthening the understanding, memory and skills of students who have just acquired new knowledge (Mubai et al, 2023).The choice of the FDI model was because the FDI model was developed on the basis of constructivist learning theory. The use of constructivist learning theory is aimed at encouraging students to be able to build their own capabilities (Kristanto, 2021;Mulyati, 2016;Nurhidayati, 2017;Nurlina et al, 2021;Supardi et al, 2019;Suparlan, 2019). This capability will trigger the growth of students' abilities, especially in the cognitive aspect (Kamath & Kumar, 2023;Minarni & Napitupulu, 2020;Suwannaphisit et al, 2021;Zhou et al, 2020).…”