Integration of electric vehicles into transmission grids: A case study on generation adequacy in Europe in 2040

Lauvergne, Rémi; Pérez, Yannick; Françon, Mathilde; Cruz, Alberto Tejeda De La

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120030

Cited by 35 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…As a result, for flexible market operation and frequency control, the high-level integration of batteries will be encouraging. The EVs are also evaluated to control grid frequency in many countries, including the Europen Union, USA, UK, and China [219][220][221]. The FACTS devices' realworld installation, control, performance analysis, and utility experiences are documented in [222].…”

Section: Industry Trends In Frequency Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments

et al. 2023

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A paradigm shift in power systems is observed due to the massive integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) as distributed generators. Mainly, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels and wind generators are extensively integrated with the modern power system to facilitate green efforts in the electrical energy sector. However, integrating these RESs destabilizes the frequency of the modern power system. Hitherto, the frequency control has not drawn sufficient attention due to the reduced inertia and complex control of power electronic converters associated with renewable energy conversion systems. Thus, this article provides a critical summary on the frequency control of solar PV and wind-integrated systems. The frequency control issues with advanced techniques, including inertia emulation, de-loading, and grid-forming, are summarized. Moreover, several cutting-edge devices in frequency control are outlined. The advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to control the frequency of high-level RESs integrated systems are well documented. The possible improvements of existing approaches are outlined. The key research areas are identified, and future research directions are mentioned so that cutting-edge technologies can be adopted, making the review article unique compared to the existing reviews. The article could be an excellent foundation and guidance for industry personnel, researchers, and academicians.

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Section: Industry Trends In Frequency Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments

et al. 2023

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“…Various studies have shown that the flexibility of V2G can be useful and beneficial in terms of cost minimization [14][15][16][17][18], profit maximization [19,20], and grid reliability enhancement [21], as presented in Table 2. However, although the V2G flexibility, which is the amount of available resources, is an important factor in determining performance, these studies have been conducted based on simple assumptions using historical data [14,15], fixed given values [16], stochastic random models [17][18][19][20], and parametric models such as battery size [21]. Only a few empirical studies have investigated V2G flexibility [22][23][24][25], as presented in Table 3.…”

Section: Focusing On the Impact Of Ev Chargers Control Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Modeling of Vehicle-to-Grid Flexibility in Korea

Jang,

Kim,

2023

Sustainability

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With the widespread use of electric vehicles (EVs), the potential to utilize them as flexible resources has increased. However, the existing vehicle-to-grid (V2G) studies have focused on V2G operation methods. The operational performance is limited by the amount of availability resources, which represents the flexibility. This study proposes a data-driven modeling method to estimate the V2G flexibility. A charging station is a control point connected to a power grid for V2G operation. Therefore, the charging stations’ statuses were analyzed by applying the basic queuing model with a dataset of 1008 chargers (785 AC chargers and 223 DC chargers) from 500 charging stations recorded in Korea. The basic queuing model obtained the long-term average status values of the stations over the entire time period. To estimate the V2G flexibility over time, a charging station status modeling method was proposed within a time interval. In the proposed method, the arrival rate and service time were modified according to the time interval, and the station status was expressed in a propagated form that considered the current and previous time slots. The simulation results showed that the proposed method effectively estimated the actual value within a 10% mean absolute percentage error. Moreover, the determination of V2G flexibility based on the charging station status is discussed herein. According to the results, the charging station status in the next time slot, as well as that in the current time slot, is affected by the V2G. Therefore, to estimate the V2G flexibility, the propagation effect must be considered.

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“…The BMS monitors and controls various parameters of the battery cells to optimize their performance, extend their lifetime, and ensure the safety of the system. The accurate estimation of the battery's SOC and SOH, along with the proper management of the thermal and voltage conditions, are essential for achieving optimal battery performance and longevity [28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section:  State-of-health (Soh) Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart energy storage systems review on determining efficient battery management systems

Meena¹,

Reddy²

2023

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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Energy storage systems have become a crucial component of smart grids, enabling the efficient integration of renewable energy sources, and reducing peak demand. Smart energy storage systems (SESS) are considered one of the key technologies for the future power system, and battery management systems (BMS) play a critical role in optimizing their performance. This paper provides a comprehensive review of SESS and BMS, focusing on the determination of efficient battery management systems. First, the paper presents an overview of SESS and their importance in modern power systems. The different types of SESS, including electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical energy storage systems, are discussed along with their advantages and limitations. Then, the paper presents a detailed description of the BMS and its functions, such as state-of-charge estimation, cell balancing, and thermal management. Next, the paper reviews the recent developments in BMS design and implementation, including hardware and software advancements. The importance of accurate modeling and simulation of battery systems is also discussed, as it can help optimize the performance and extend the lifetime of batteries. The paper also highlights the challenges associated with BMS, such as safety concerns, and discusses potential solutions. Finally, the paper concludes with a summary of the current state of the art in SESS and BMS and provides recommendations for future research. These include the need for further development of advanced BMS technologies, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, to improve battery performance, safety, and reliability. Additionally, the paper suggests the importance of standardization and interoperability of BMS systems to enable seamless integration into the grid. Overall, this paper provides a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners interested in SESS and BMS design and optimization.

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Integration of electric vehicles into transmission grids: A case study on generation adequacy in Europe in 2040

Cited by 35 publications

References 52 publications

Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments

Solar and Wind Energy Integrated System Frequency Control: A Critical Review on Recent Developments

Data-Driven Modeling of Vehicle-to-Grid Flexibility in Korea

Smart energy storage systems review on determining efficient battery management systems

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