Integration of groundwater heat pumps into energy system optimization models

Halilovic, Smajil; Odersky, Leonhard; Hamacher, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.121607

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…By further improving the accuracy of these simplified models, their scope can be extended to new applications, such as detailed design of large GWHP systems comprising multiple extraction and injection wells. Moreover, the simplified models are well-suited for integration into energy system optimization models (ESOMs), where GWHP systems play an important role (Halilovic et al, 2022c). This is because the coupling of a numerical groundwater simulation with an ESOM is impractical and computationally demanding (Halilovic et al, 2022b).…”

Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization approaches for the design and operation of open-loop shallow geothermal systems

Halilovic,

Böttcher,

Zosseder

et al. 2023

Adv. Geosci.

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Abstract. The optimization of open-loop shallow geothermal systems, which includes both design and operational aspects, is an important research area aimed at improving their efficiency and sustainability and the effective management of groundwater as a shallow geothermal resource. This paper investigates various approaches to address optimization problems arising from these research and implementation questions about GWHP systems. The identified optimization approaches are thoroughly analyzed based on criteria such as computational cost and applicability. Moreover, a novel classification scheme is introduced that categorizes the approaches according to the types of groundwater simulation model and the optimization algorithm used. Simulation models are divided into two types: numerical and simplified (analytical or data-driven) models, while optimization algorithms are divided into gradient-based and derivative-free algorithms. Finally, a comprehensive review of existing approaches in the literature is provided, highlighting their strengths and limitations and offering recommendations for both the use of existing approaches and the development of new, improved ones in this field.

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Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization approaches for the design and operation of open-loop shallow geothermal systems

Halilovic,

Böttcher,

Zosseder

et al. 2023

Adv. Geosci.

Self Cite

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“…While several studies have explored the optimization of GWHPs [3,[20][21][22][23], only Blázquez et al [20] has considered the optimization of a district-level GWHP system. They performed an optimization analysis by considering two scenarios related to the network of heat pumps for a district-level GWHP system to evaluate different configurations and their performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation and Optimization of a District-Scale Groundwater Heat Pump System

Sezer,

Sani,

Singh

et al. 2023

Energies

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Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) systems are acknowledged as renewable and sustainable energy sources that can effectively fulfill the heating and cooling requirements of buildings on a district level. These systems harness geothermal sources available at shallow depths. To ensure the long-term sustainability of the system, the thermally used water is generally reinjected into the aquifer, creating a thermal plume starting from the injection well. Over time, this thermal plume may reach the abstraction well in the long term, potentially leading to a reduction in system efficiency. The operation types have a significant impact on this matter, and their effects have not been extensively studied in the existing literature. Therefore, this study aims to determine the optimal operating configurations for the Northern Gateway Heat Network, a GWHP system established in Colchester, UK. In this study, four distinct operation types are considered: (1) continuous heating (actual system), (2) heating and recovery, (3) heating and cooling, and (4) aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES). The results indicate that ATES operation yields the highest thermal energy output due to its ability to benefit from stored energy from the previous operation. However, implementing the ATES system may encounter challenges due to factors such as well development, hydraulic conductivity, and hydraulic gradient. On the other hand, implementing heating and cooling operations does not require additional considerations and offers not only free cooling to buildings but also a delay in thermal feedback time.

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“…Heating and cooling of buildings has garnered attention in recent years, especially as the world moves towards renewable sources of energy. One focus recently has been on using shallow geothermal energy through groundwater heat pumps (GWHP) (Halilovic et al, 2022). As the groundwater temperature is relatively stable year round, GWHPs are able to use this source to both heat and cool buildings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Deep Learning Approach for Thermal Plume Prediction of Groundwater Heat Pumps

Leiteritz¹,

Davis²,

Schulte³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Climate control of buildings makes up a significant portion of global energy consumption, with groundwater heat pumps providing a suitable alternative. To prevent possibly negative interactions between heat pumps throughout a city, city planners have to optimize their layouts in the future. We develop a novel datadriven approach for building small-scale surrogates for modelling the thermal plumes generated by groundwater heat pumps in the surrounding subsurface water. Building on a data set generated from 2D numerical simulations, we train a convolutional neural network for predicting steady-state subsurface temperature fields from a given subsurface velocity field. We show that compared to existing models ours can capture more complex dynamics while still being quick to compute. The resulting surrogate is thus well-suited for interactive design tools by city planners.

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Integration of groundwater heat pumps into energy system optimization models

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Optimization approaches for the design and operation of open-loop shallow geothermal systems

Optimization approaches for the design and operation of open-loop shallow geothermal systems

Numerical Investigation and Optimization of a District-Scale Groundwater Heat Pump System

A Deep Learning Approach for Thermal Plume Prediction of Groundwater Heat Pumps

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