Integration of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug Susceptibility Testing and Genotyping with Epidemiological Data Analysis To Gain Insight into the Epidemiology of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Malatya, Turkey

Abstract

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) presents a major challenge to global TB control. To gain a better understanding of drug-resistant TB epidemiology in Malatya, Turkey, we conducted the present study using 397 Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates collected from Malatya, Turkey, in recent years (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007). Resistance to any anti-TB drug was found in 29% (114 of 397) of the study isolates, while the multidrug resistance (MDR) rate was ϳ4.5% (18 of 397). Resistances to isoniazid (15.5%) and streptomycin (13.4%) were about twice as high as resistance to rifampin (RMP) (6.3%) and ethambutol (EMB) (6.0%). Importantly, 28% (7 of 25) of the RMP-resistant isolates were non-MDR isolates, as when a significant proportion of RMPresistant isolates in a population are non-MDR, the predictive value of molecular detection of RMP resistance for MDR can be significantly reduced. Both identical and varied drug resistance patterns were seen in the same genotyping-defined clusters, suggesting that both primary and acquired resistance have contributed to the drug-resistant TB epidemic in Malatya, Turkey. In addition, drug-resistant cases were found to be more likely to be males (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.82 [1.13, 2.94]), suggesting a potential role of gender in the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB in the study population. This study demonstrates that the integration of drug susceptibility testing with genotyping and epidemiological data analysis represents a useful approach to studying the epidemiology of drug-resistant TB.

Evaluation the Expression of Efflux Pump Genes “Tap & P55 in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Clinical Isolates in Fars, Iran

“…A study of Nepal 2017 reported a relatively higher prevalence of resistance to one or more drugs (38.2%) in comparison with our study, but the prevalence of MDR (11.7%) and the resistance to RIF (15.7%) were lower in their investigation than the results of our survey [17]. Also in another study in Turkey in 2010 comparing to our study, a lower rate of prevalence resistance (28.7%), MDR (4.5%) and resistance to RIF (6.3%) were reported [18].…”

In vitro effects of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates

“…In recent years, about 2-64% of MDR M. tuberculosis has been reported between 2000 and 2014 in different countries of the world and in different regions of our country. It is also stated that the rate of MDRs is low in new cases but it can be increased because of the use of antibiotics in patients who have already received TB treatment (1,2,4,5,(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Tertiary Hospital South East, Nigeria

“…The emergence of M. tuberculosis (MTB) resistance to anti-TB drugs has been a major public health obstacle to achieve the goal of effective global TB control [1]. Drug resistance in M. tuberculosis isolates arises from spontaneous genetic mutations and can be enhanced by poor adherence of patients to anti-TB drugs [2]. Multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) portrays a very grave danger and particularly challenging to treatment interventions while Extensively drug resistance TB (XDR-TB) is virtually untreatable and should by all means be avoided.…”