Integration of membrane technologies to enhance the sustainability in the treatment of metal-containing acidic liquid wastes. An overview

López, J.; Gibert, Oriol; Cortina, José Luis

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118485

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…Membrane technologies facilitate the recovery of valuable dissolved components such as metals and allow the reuse of acids or alkalis. Among the various membrane technologies presently available, diffusion dialysis (DD), nanofiltration (NF), electrodialysis (ED), membrane distillation (MD) and forward osmosis (FO) are the most promising as regards the circular economy paradigm [3,4]. It is widely believed that DD represents the optimal process for recovery of acids at high concentrations (i.e., >0.5 M) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the various membrane technologies presently available, diffusion dialysis (DD), nanofiltration (NF), electrodialysis (ED), membrane distillation (MD) and forward osmosis (FO) are the most promising as regards the circular economy paradigm [3,4]. It is widely believed that DD represents the optimal process for recovery of acids at high concentrations (i.e., >0.5 M) [3]. Compared to other technologies, DD has a number of advantages [5,6], including low energy consumption (due to spontaneous processes driven by activity gradients), low installation costs, simple operation and maintenance, and high product quality (due to the high selectivity of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) for acids).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to other technologies, DD has a number of advantages [5,6], including low energy consumption (due to spontaneous processes driven by activity gradients), low installation costs, simple operation and maintenance, and high product quality (due to the high selectivity of anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) for acids). In addition, the process is considered environmentally friendly due to the lack of post-processing and chemical agents used [3,4,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basic principle of separation utilises the high membrane permeability of acids and alkalis relative to metal salts, in association with proton-transport via the hydrogen bond network of water molecules, a process known as the 'Grotthuss mechanism' [9][10][11]. This latter process explains why DD is most often used specifically to recover acids [3]. AEMs are the most frequently used materials for processing of acids via DD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison, there is relatively little data available on the acid-stability of AEMs. Commercial AEMs for DD tend to be more stable than nanofiltration membranes in acid solutions when used for acid recovery based on polyamides [3]. Indeed, it has been reported that commercial and tailor-made AEMs for DD based on bromomethylated poly(phenylene oxide) (BPPO) degrade noticeably in acid solutions within 72 h [25,26], with both loss of mass and reduced ion-exchange capacity reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Recovery of Spent Sulphuric Acid by Diffusion Dialysis Using a Spiral Wound Module

Merkel

Čopák

Dvořák

et al. 2021

IJMS

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In this study, we assess the effects of volumetric flow and feed temperature on the performance of a spiral-wound module for the recovery of free acid using diffusion dialysis. Performance was evaluated using a set of equations based on mass balance under steady-state conditions that describe the free acid yield, rejection factors of metal ions and stream purity, along with chemical analysis of the outlet streams. The results indicated that an increase in the volumetric flow rate of water increased free acid yield from 88% to 93%, but decreased Cu2+ and Fe2+ ion rejection from 95% to 90% and 91% to 86%, respectively. Increasing feed temperature up to 40 °C resulted in an increase in acid flux of 9%, and a reduction in Cu2+ and Fe2+ ion rejection by 2–3%. Following diffusion dialysis, the only evidence of membrane degradation was a slight drop in permselectivity and an increase in diffusion acid and salt permeability. Results obtained from the laboratory tests used in a basic economic study showed that the payback time of the membrane-based regeneration unit is approximately one year.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Recovery of Spent Sulphuric Acid by Diffusion Dialysis Using a Spiral Wound Module

Merkel

Čopák

Dvořák

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Cation Exchange Membranes with Bi‐Functional Sites Induced Synergistic Hydrophilic Networks for Selective Proton Transport

Zhu

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Acid recycling via cation exchange membranes (CEMs) has attracted considerable attention from traditional industries and advanced manufacturing because of the economic and environmental advantages. However, current polymeric CEMs merely have constant ion channels by the fixed groups in the matrix and lack the synergy of bi-functional sites. Herein, a series of dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6) functionalized sulfonated poly(biphenyl alkylene) membranes is reported. The resultant membranes form phase separation and ordered ion channels by the electrostatic interaction between DB18C6-H + complexes and the SO 3 − anionic sites, constructing a lowswelling synergistic hydrophilic network. The prepared membranes have high proton permeation rates of 2.98-4.85 mol m −2 h −1 and extremely low ferrous ion permeabilities, leading to a high H + /Fe 2+ selectivity of ≈3153 at the current density of 10 mA cm −2 , which is one order of magnitude higher than the commercial and previously reported membranes via the electrodialysis. These results provide strategies for designing bi-functional ion exchange membranes for selective ion transport via utilizing crown ether/cation complexes.

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The Twelve Principles of Circular Hydrometallurgy

Binnemans

Jones

2022

J. Sustain. Metall.

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In this academic position paper, we propose the 12 Principles of a novel and more sustainable approach to hydrometallurgy that we call “circular hydrometallurgy.” The paper intends to set a basis for identifying future areas of research in the field of hydrometallurgy, while providing a “sustainability” benchmark for assessing existing processes and technological developments. Circular hydrometallurgy refers to the designing of energy-efficient and resource-efficient flowsheets or unit processes that consume the minimum quantities of reagents and result in minimum waste. The application of a circular approach involves new ways of thinking about how hydrometallurgy is applied for both primary and secondary resources. In either case, the emphasis must be on the regeneration and reuse of every reagent in the process. This refers not only to the acids and bases employed for leaching or pH control, but also any reducing agents, oxidizing agents, and other auxiliary reagents. Likewise, the consumption of water and energy must be reduced to an absolute minimum. To consolidate the concept of circular hydrometallurgical flowsheets, we present the 12 Principles that will boost sustainability: (1) regenerate reagents, (2) close water loops, (3) prevent waste, (4) maximize mass, energy, space, and time efficiency, (5) integrate materials and energy flows, (6) safely dispose of potentially harmful elements, (7) decrease activation energy, (8) electrify processes wherever possible, (9) use benign chemicals, (10) reduce chemical diversity, (11) implement real-time analysis and digital process control, and (12) combine circular hydrometallurgy with zero-waste mining. Although we realize that the choice of these principles is somewhat arbitrary and that other principles could be imagined or some principles could be merged, we are nevertheless convinced that the present framework of these 12 Principles, as put forward in this position paper, provides a powerful tool to show the direction of future research and innovation in hydrometallurgy, both in industry and in academia. Graphical Abstract

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Integration of membrane technologies to enhance the sustainability in the treatment of metal-containing acidic liquid wastes. An overview

Cited by 52 publications

References 167 publications

Recovery of Spent Sulphuric Acid by Diffusion Dialysis Using a Spiral Wound Module

Recovery of Spent Sulphuric Acid by Diffusion Dialysis Using a Spiral Wound Module

Cation Exchange Membranes with Bi‐Functional Sites Induced Synergistic Hydrophilic Networks for Selective Proton Transport

The Twelve Principles of Circular Hydrometallurgy

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