Integration of Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles in Power Systems: A Review

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) represent a promising green technology for mitigating environmental impacts. However, their widespread adoption has significant implications for management, monitoring, and control of power systems. The integration of renewable energy sources (RESs), commonly referred to as green energy sources or alternative energy sources, into the network infrastructure is a sustainable and effective approach to addressing these matters. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the integration of RESs and EVs into power systems. The bibliographic analysis revealed that IEEE Access had the highest impact among journals. In order to enhance the classification of the reviewed literature, we have provided an analytical summary of the contributions made by each paper. The categorization facilitated the recognition of the primary objectives explored in the reviewed works, including the classification of EVs and RESs, the incorporation of RESs and EVs into power systems with an emphasis on emissions, the establishment of EV charging stations and parking facilities, EV batteries and battery energy storage systems, strategies for managing the integration of RESs with EVs, EV aggregators, and the financial implications. In order to provide researchers with a valuable synopsis of the implementation particulars, the papers were bifurcated into two primary classifications, namely mathematical algorithms and heuristic algorithms. The mixed integer linear programming algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm were commonly utilized formulations in optimization. MATLAB/Simulink was the primary platform used for executing a considerable portion of these algorithms, with CPLEX being the dominant optimization tool. Finally, this study offers avenues for further discourse and investigation regarding areas of research that remain unexplored.

Charging Systems/Techniques of Electric Vehicle:

“…Compared to conventional cars with internal combustion engines, electric vehicles are quieter to drive, which lessens noise pollution in cities. In highly populated places, this may result in improved livability and lower stress levels [14]. Due to regenerative braking and the effectiveness of the electric drivetrain, EVs often have superior energy efficiency than ICEVs.…”

“…Plug In hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) In PHEVs, an electric motor is powered by batteries, whereas an internal-combustion-engine (ICE) runs on a different fuel, such gasoline. PHEVs often feature a larger battery pack than a regular HEV [14,15]. Typically, an automobile runs on power up to the battery is nearly depleted, at which point it automatically converts to internal combustion engine power.…”

Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Materials: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

“…Additionally, hydrogen energy forms a crucial connection between hydrogen-consuming industrial production plants, including ammonia and ethanol, and centrally controlled industries such as grid, transportation, agriculture, and energy storage . It has vast potential for large-scale energy conversion applications, such as direct combustion in internal combustion engines or fuel cells in the automotive industry . As a result, hydrogen energy is a sustainable energy source capable of adapting to current and future global environmental trends.…”

Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial performance of a manufacturing and commercial setup

“…To minimize this impact, numerous researchers use renewable energy systems to support the charging stations and reduce the stress on the grid [6]- [9]. A photovoltaic (PV) system with battery storage demonstrated excellent performance improvement for the charging stations [10], [11]. The energy storage captures the surplus energy produced from the PVs during the maximum power output and will discharge it when the PV system cannot meet the load demand.…”