Integration of Transcriptome and Proteome in Lymph Nodes Reveal the Different Immune Responses to PRRSV Between PRRSV-Resistant Tongcheng Pigs and PRRSV-Susceptible Large White Pigs

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an infectious disease that seriously affects the swine industry worldwide. Understanding the interaction between the host immune response and PRRS virus (PRRSV) can provide insight into the PRRSV pathogenesis, as well as potential clues to control PRRSV infection. Here, we examined the transcriptome and proteome differences of lymph nodes between PRRSV-resistant Tongcheng (TC) pigs and PRRSV-susceptible Large White (LW) pigs in response to PRRSV infection. 2245 and 1839 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in TC and LW pigs upon PRRSV infection, respectively. Transcriptome analysis revealed genetic differences in antigen presentation and metabolism between TC pigs and LW pigs, which may lead to different immune responses to PRRSV infection. Furthermore, 678 and 1000 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in TC and LW pigs, and DEPs were mainly enriched in the metabolism pathways. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and proteome datasets revealed antigen recognition capacity, immune activation, cell cycles, and cell metabolism are important for PRRSV clearance. In conclusion, this study provides important resources on transcriptomic and proteomic levels in lymph nodes for further revealing the interaction between the host immune response and PRRSV, which would give us new insight into molecular mechanisms related to genetic complexity against PRRSV.

Integrated Proteotranscriptomics Reveals Differences in Molecular Immunity between Min and Large White Pig Breeds

“…GSEA analysis showed that the cell adhesion molecule and antigen processing and presentation pathways were significantly enriched in M pigs. These results are similar to studies of Tongcheng pigs and LW pigs regarding PRRSV [ 14 ], indicating that the described pathways may play crucial roles in Chinese local pig disease resistance. Moreover, the key genes in the interaction network mainly belong to the categories of MHC II and T cell receptors.…”

“…Ni et al researched the transcriptome profiling of porcine lung from two pig breeds in response to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection [ 13 ]. In the research of Ling et al, the authors examined transcriptome and proteome differences of lymph nodes between Tongcheng and Large White pigs [ 14 ]. We also have observed an interesting phenomenon that the Min pigs have lower mortality than LW pigs in our farm.…”

Genetic variation and recombination analysis of the GP5 (GP5a) gene of PRRSV-2 strains in China from 1996 to 2022

“…Additionally, respiratory insufficiency, interstitial pneumonia, and immunosuppression are also common symptoms in piglets ( Li et al, 2022 ). PRRS was first discovered in the United States in 1987 and rapidly spread worldwide after its detection in Europe in 1990, causing significant economic losses to the global pig industry ( Liang et al, 2022 ). PRRSV was first identified in China in 1996, and since then, it has been reported throughout the country ( Guo et al, 2018 ).…”

Genetic background influences pig responses to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

“…Various pig breeds and lines exhibit different levels of resistance to PRRSV infection (14,15). Meishan and Tongcheng (TC) breeds, known for their elevated resistance to PRRSV, are less susceptible to infection when compared to other breeds, such as the Large White (LW) (16)(17)(18). Moreover, specific pig tissues such as the lungs and lymph nodes may exhibit varying susceptibilities to PRRSV, which may be influenced by genetic factors (19).…”