Integration of Vulnerability and Hazard Factors for Landslide Risk Assessment

Abstract

Among the numerous natural hazards, landslides are one of the greatest, as they can cause enormous loss of life and property, and affect the natural ecosystem and their services. Landslides are disasters that cause damage to anthropic activities and innumerable loss of human life, globally. The landslide risk assessed by the integration of susceptibility and vulnerability maps has recently become a manner of studying sites prone to landslide events and managing these regions well. Developing countries, where the impact of landslides is frequent, need risk assessment tools that enable them to address these disasters, starting with their prevention, with free spatial data and appropriate models. Our study shows a heuristic risk model by integrating a susceptibility map made by AutoML and a vulnerability one that is made considering ecological vulnerability and socio-economic vulnerability. The input data used in the State of Guerrero (México) approach uses spatial data, such as remote sensing, or official Mexican databases. This aspect makes this work adaptable to other parts of the world because the cost is low, and the frequency adaptation is high. Our results show a great difference between the distribution of vulnerability and susceptibility zones in the study area, and even between the socio-economic and ecological vulnerabilities. For instance, the highest ecological vulnerability is in the mountainous zone in Guerrero, and the highest socio-economic vulnerability values are found around settlements and roads. Therefore, the final risk assessment map is an integrated index that considers susceptibility and vulnerability and would be a good first attempt to challenge landslide disasters.

Assessing Landslide Drivers in Social–Ecological–Technological Systems: The Case of Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil

“…This study is aligned with recent efforts to assess risks in an integrated framework, bridging the gap between susceptibility and vulnerability analysis [24][25][26][27]. By considering variables within a comprehensive framework, this study identifies the crucial factors that are decisive in addressing landslide risks.…”

“…In recent years, there has been growing interest in adopting integrated approaches to address the challenges associated with urban landslides. Arrogante-Funes et al [25] introduced a heuristic model that integrates susceptibility and vulnerability maps to enhance landslide risk assessment. Ahmed [26] examined the underlying causes of landslide vulnerability in Bangladesh, recognizing landslides as socio-natural hazards requiring comprehensive analysis.…”

Method of Wildfire Risk Assessment in Consideration of Land-Use Types: A Case Study in Central China

“…Based on the wildfire susceptibility and vulnerability assessment results in Central China, this study used the "Risk = Susceptibility × Vulnerability" method to evaluate and analyze the wildfire risk of different land-use types in the area. Currently, this method has been widely applied in natural disaster risk assessment, such as landslides and floods, and has achieved certain success [80][81][82][83]. The formula is shown in Equation (20).…”

Spatial Decision Support Systems with Automated Machine Learning: A Review

“…environmental impact assessment [134], waterlogging risk estimation [135], water storage estimation [30], water potential mapping [136], meteorological forecasting [137], ocean behaviour prediction [138]), geology (e.g. oil well placement [139], soil roughness estimation [32], soil moisture estimation [31], landslide risk estimation [140,141]), transportation (e.g. road health inspection [142]), and public health (e.g.…”