Integrative analyses of biomarkers and pathways for adipose tissue after bariatric surgery

Abstract

We explored potential biomarkers and molecular mechanisms regarding multiple benefits after bariatric surgery. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) after bariatric surgery were identified by analyzing two expression profiles from the GEO. Subsequently, enrichment analysis, GSEA, PPI network, and gene-microRNAs and gene-TFs networks were interrogated to identify hub genes and associated pathways. Co-expressed DEGs included one that was up-regulated and 22 that were down-regulated genes. The enrichment analyses indicated that down-regulated DEGs were significantly involved in inflammatory responses. GSEA provided comprehensive evidence that most genes enriched in pro-inflammation pathways, while gene-sets after surgery enriched in metabolism. We identified nine hub genes in the PPI network, most of which were validated as highly expressed and hypomethylated in obesity by Attie Lab Diabetes and DiseaseMeth databases, respectively. DGIdb was also applied to predict potential therapeutic agents that might reverse abnormally high hub gene expression. Bariatric surgery induces a significant shift from an obese pro-inflammatory state to an anti-inflammatory state, with improvement in adipocyte metabolic function-representing key mechanisms whereby AT function improves after bariatric surgery. Our study deepens a mechanistic understanding of the benefits of bariatric surgery and provides potential biomarkers or treatment targets for further research.

A novel immune-related genes signature after bariatric surgery is histologically associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

“…These genes were all downregulated after BS. The results were similar to previous studies [ 13 , 37 , 38 ]. IL-6 from adipose tissue, which travels through the portal vein to the liver, promotes NAFLD development [ 39 ].…”

“…Notably, inflammation of adipose tissue may be a prerequisite for NASH development [ 20 ]. BS is an effective treatment for obesity, reducing inflammation and NAFLD, and improving long-term survival [ 13 , 28 ]. However, the molecular mechanism and clinical significance of BS in improving NAFLD remain to be explored to a certain extent.…”

“…Some studies have also reported changes in the metabolic and immune status of adipose tissue following BS [ 10 , 12 ]. BS can promote the significant transformation of adipose tissue from pro-inflammatory state to anti-inflammatory state, and ameliorate adipose tissue function [ 13 ]. In addition, BS results in sustained weight loss and may reduce liver fat, inflammation, and fibrosis, reversing changes in hepatic pathology in patients with NAFLD and NASH [ 14 ].…”

Network pharmacology combined with GEO database identifying the mechanisms and molecular targets of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma on Peri-implants

“…Next, to further identify the core therapeutic targets, Cytoscape plug-in MCODE (Molecular Complex Detection) was used to identify significant modules (MCODE score ≥ 4) and another plug-in Cytohubba was used. MCC algorithm was used to study node degree (score ≥ 10) of key nodes in significant modules 35 , the hub genes contained in PPI network was screened.…”

Screening and identification of NOTCH1, CDKN2A, and NOS3 as differentially expressed autophagy-related genes in erectile dysfunction

“…The expression of target genes in the post-transcriptional stage was regulated by miRNA or TF under specific disease conditions. Baldwin Jr, 2001;Liu et al, 2020;Soifer, Rossi & Saetrom, 2007) NetworkAnalyst (https://www.networkanalyst.ca/) was used to analyze gene-TF interaction (ENCODE database) and gene-miRNA interaction (miRTarBase v8.0 database) (Xia, Gill & Hancock, 2015) and was visualized using Cytoscape.…”