“…The findings also support an argument of Jordaan (2017) that 'increasing fragility is due to the increasing vertical coordination intensity and not that the coordination intensity is due to this fragility'. Furthermore, the results also concur with the literature that suggests that leaner and highly integrated transaction mechanisms -such as contracting and vertical integration -are due to increased coordination as major ways to reduce costs and risks within supply chains (Cadot, 2015;Jordaan, 2017;Martinez, 2002a,b;Maslaric et al, 2013;Watabaji et al, 2016;Weseen et al, 2014). These coordinating strategies produce the interdependencies between chain players (Jordaan, 2017;Lazzarini et al, 2001;Wever et al, 2012a) and these interdependencies, in turn, expose the vulnerability of chains that pursue such lean and highly integrated strategies due to disruptive and detrimental events with very low likelihoods but huge impacts (Bailey, 2016;Christopher et al, 2002;Jüttner, 2005;Kleindorfer and Saad, 2005;Simba et al, 2017;Vlajic et al, 2013;Wagner and Bode, 2009;Wagner and Neshat, 2012).…”