Intellectuels en Belgique et en France: "piliers", citoyennete, Etat

Beyond the Metropolis: French and Belgian Symbolists between the Region and the Republic of Letters

“…Despite his antiDreyfusard stance, he has even been described as the nearest equivalent to a 'French-style' intellectual. 28 The interactions between French and Belgian authors can be interpreted as a cosmopolitan practice in terms of their involvement in a transnational literary field. However, did the actors themselves assess their practices as 'cosmopolitan'?…”