“…Mass transfer occurs by diffusion at pores mouth which allows a high interfacial area [34]. The use of HFMCs as an interface in a LLE process to reduce the toxicity of solvents and inhibition of fermentation products towards microorganisms has been studied by several authors [35][36][37][38][39]. The work of Jin and Yang in 1998 is a particularly successful and encouraging example, they presented an extractive fermentation process using an amine/oleyl alcohol extractant and a hollow-fiber membrane contactor to selectively remove propionic acid from the fermentation broth.…”