Intensity-dependent angular distribution of low-energy electrons generated by intense high-frequency laser pulse

Abstract

By solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation, we investigate the angular distributions of the low-energy electrons when an intense high-frequency laser pulse is applied to the hydrogen atom. Our numerical results show that the angular distributions of the low-energy electrons which generated by the nonadiabatic transitions sensitively depend on the laser intensity. The angular distributions evolve from a two-lobe to a four-lobe structure as the laser intensity increases. By analyzing nonadiabatic process in the Kramers-Henneberger frame, we illustrate that this phenomenon is attributed to the intensity-dependent adiabatic evolution of the ground state wavefunction. When the laser intensity further increases, the pathway of nonadiabatic transition from the ground state to the excited state and then to the continuum states is non-negligible, which results in the ring-like structure in the photoelectron momentum distribution. The angular distributions of the low-energy electrons provide a way to monitor the evolution of the electron wavefunction in the intense high frequency laser fields.

Direct Visualization of Deforming Atomic Wavefunction in Ultraintense High-Frequency Laser Pulses

“…is nπ. To check the validity of this result, we calculate the phase difference δðtÞ with the time-dependent Floquet Hamiltonian approach [25,30] (see Supplement, Section 6), as shown in Figure 4(d). The phase difference is indeed close to π at the instant of 5.7 a.u..…”

“…This turning-on effect plays as the key role in determining the degree of atomic stabilization in the ultraintense laser pulses [18-22, 26, 27]. It is also responsible for the low-energy electron generation in the intense high-frequency laser fields [28][29][30][31]. Therefore, observing the evolution of the wavefunction is more appealing.…”

Dynamic stabilization of atomic ionization in a high-frequency laser field with different initial angular momenta

“…When the amplitude of the transition dipole is small, the role of the laser intensity becomes more important, thus, the ionization stabilization feature becomes pronounced. The momentum distribution of the photoelectron emission spectra [31,44] of different atoms during ionization stabilization in light intensity was calculated to analyze the effect of the ionization stabilization of atoms on different orbital angular momenta (Fig. 6).…”

Influence of acceleration on relativistic nonlinear Thomson scattering in tightly focused linearly polarized laser pulses

“…The past few years have witnessed the development of research on the interaction of high-power lasers with matter, [1][2][3][4] especially ultrafast laser physics. [5][6][7][8] As an important source of x-rays [9,10] and γ-rays, [11][12][13] relativistic nonlinear Thomson scattering (RNTS) is an important research direction in this field, which has a wide range of applications in the fields of biomedicine, [14,15] ultrafast physics, and atomic physics. [16,17] Thomson scattering is the scattering of an electromagnetic field and a free charged particle.…”