“…I employ three key perspectives through which other theorists have studied traditional, transnational, and dual citizenship: 1) immigrants' naturalisation and political participation in the host country (Balistreri & Van Hook, 2004;Bennour, 2020;Bernard, 1936;Bueker, 2005;Cho, 1999;Foner, 2001;Garcia, 1981;Jones-Correa, 2001;Miller & Barry, 2009;Paquet, 2012;Portes & Mozo , 1985;Yang, 1994); 2) immigrants' integration with the host society (Ager & Strang, 2008;Bloemraad, 2000Bloemraad, , 2006Bloemraad, Korteweg, & Yurdakul, 2008;Constant, Gataullina, & Zimmermann, 2009;Ersanilli & Koopmans, 2010;Glover et al, 2001;Hoonaard & Hoonaard, 2010;Joppke, 2004;Nagel & Staeheli, 2004;Ramakrishnan, S Karthick Espenshade, 2001;Scipioni, 2017); and 3) immigrants' relations with their home country (Adamson, 2019;Arkilic, 2016;Cheran, 2003;Cohen, 1996Cohen, , 2008Faist, 2010;Henayaka-Lochbihler & Lambusta, 2004;McDowell, 1996;Orjuela, 2008Orjuela, , 2011Ragazzi, 2014;Safran, 1991;Sriskandarajah, 2002;Zhou & Liu, 2016).…”