Inter‐relationships between pain‐related temporomandibular disorders, somatic and psychological symptoms in Asian youths

Abstract

Objective This cross‐sectional, observational study assessed the inter‐relationships between painful TMDs, somatic and psychological symptoms in Asian youths. Methods Study subjects were recruited from a local Polytechnic. Pain‐related TMDs were established with the TMD pain screener (TPS), while somatic and psychological symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire‐15 (PHQ‐15) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales‐21 (DASS‐21). Demographic information, TPS, PHQ‐15 and DASS‐21 responses were gathered with the CDRSS system and analysed using the binomial‐exact test, Mann‐Whitney U test, Spearman's rho correlation and logistic regression analysis (P < .05). Results Data from a total of 400 participants were collected and examined. The “no TMDs” (NT) group comprised of 366 subjects (180 males; 186 females) with a mean age of 18.72 ± 1.49 years, while the “with TMDs” (WT) group consisted of 34 subjects (11 males; 23 females) aged 19.26 ± 1.89 years. Significant differences in median PHQ‐15 and DASS‐21 scores were observed between the NT and WT groups (P ≤ .007). The WT group was observed to have moderate somatic symptoms, moderate depression, moderate‐to‐severe anxiety and mild stress. For subjects with pain‐related TMDs, correlation between somatic and psychological symptoms was moderate‐to‐strong (rs = .55‐.69). Stepwise logistic regression indicated that somatisation and anxiety were possible risk factors for painful TMDs with odds ratios of 1.08 and 1.07, respectively. Conclusions The prevalence of pain‐related TMDs was 8.5%. Subjects with painful TMDs had significantly higher levels of somatic and psychological distress. In addition, somatic symptoms were strongly correlated with anxiety and stress but less so with depression.

Preclinical models of deep craniofacial nociception and temporomandibular disorder pain

“…Several risk factors contribute to the onset of TMD pain, and consequently controlling risk factors for TMD could be the initial step toward the alleviation of pain [ 2 , [74] , [75] , [76] , [77] ]. In this section, the overview of the psychological stress effects on the deep craniofacial nociception is discussed, and emphasis is placed on the elucidation of preclinical models for psychological stress conditions.…”

Screening Survey of Pain Intensity in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders

“…In addition, the correlation coefficient between the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores was significantly higher with increasing intensity of pain. While no relationship between tendencies toward depression and anxiety has been established in patients with TMD [20], one study reports a strong correlation between scores for the PHQ-9 and for the GAD-7 [31], suggesting that a closer correlation between depression and anxiety is associated with higher intensity of pain; thus, the correlation between psychological factors varies with increasing intensity of pain.…”

Alterações psicológicas durante a pandemia por COVID-19 e sua relação com bruxismo e DTM

“…Dos artigos incluídos nesta revisão, 7 abordavam aspectos psicossociais e sua relação com a pandemia por COVID-19 (Di Blasi et al, 2021;De Boni et al, 2020;Gutiérrez-Hernández et al, 2021;Limcaoco et al, 2020;Liao et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021), 5 apresentavam os aspectos psicossociais e sua relação com DTM (Alahmary, 2019;Guimarães;Almeida, 2018;Canales et al, 2019;Yap;Natu, 2020;Zavanelli, 2017) e 7 dissertavam sobre a associação entre as alterações psicológicas causadas pela pandemia por COVID-19 e sua relação com bruxismo e DTM (Asquini et al, 2021;Emodi-Perlman et al, 2020;Gaş;Özsoy;Aydin, 2021;Medeiros et al, 2020;Restrepo et al, 2021;Saccomanno et al, 2020;Silva et al 2021).…”

“…Alahmary (2019) investigou a prevalência de DTM e sua relação com ansiedade e depressão em estudantes de odontologia da Arábia Saudita e constatou que 49,5% tinham DTM e destes, 30,8% e 76,9% manifestaram sinais de ansiedade e depressão, respectivamente, havendo maior prevalência no sexo feminino Canales et al (2019). também encontraram maior percentual de depressão e somatização em mulheres.Portadores de DTM com sintomas dolorosos apresentaram níveis significativamente maiores de sofrimento somático e psicológico(Yap;Natu, 2020). Assim,Zavanelli et al (2017) ressaltaram a importância de uma abordagem multiprofissional no cuidado desses indivíduos a fim de garantir um atendimento integralizado.Associação entre as alterações psicológicas causadas pela pandemia por COVID-19 e sua relação com o bruxismo e DTMA pandemia por COVID-19 e o consequente isolamento social pode estar relacionado ao maior número de sintomas psicológicos, como a ansiedade e a depressão.…”