Inter-State Cooperation in Central Asia from the CIS to the Shanghai Forum

Gleason, Gregory

doi:10.1080/09668130120085047

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…With the two largest regional powers as members, the SCO has more potential and resources for tackling regional problems, such as cross-border crime and terrorism and transnational development projects. However, it also is more likely to advance the agendas of its two major powers, which may come at the expense of its Central Asian members (Gleason 2001;Misra 2001).…”

Section: Eurasiamentioning

confidence: 97%

Silk road, great game or soft underbelly? The new US-Russia relationship and implications for Eurasia

Wallander

2003

Southeast European and Black Sea Studies

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Section: Eurasiamentioning

confidence: 97%

Silk road, great game or soft underbelly? The new US-Russia relationship and implications for Eurasia

Wallander

2003

Southeast European and Black Sea Studies

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“…The counterinsurgency programs cast a wide net, ensnarling legitimate and extremist opponents alike, chilling human rights, and creating impediments to legitimate social and political evolution. The counterinsurgency efforts were often counterproductive, rarely resulting in compliance and often polarizing opposition movements, politicizing religion and transforming the region's poverty, inequality, and underemployment into the casus belli for anti‐government agitation (Gleason, 2001). The terrorist attack on the U.S. in September 2001 transformed the situation in Central Asia.…”

Section: National Consolidation Political Conflict and Political Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Security and Non-State Actors in Eurasia

Gleason¹,

Shaihutdinov²

2005

Int Studies Perspectives

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International security cooperation usually takes one of two forms. A classical collective security organization is designed to promote international security through regulating the behavior of its member states. A defensive security organization is designed to protect a group of states from threats emanating from a challenging state or group of states. Both forms of security cooperation bind states to act in concert with respect to threats presented by other states. The emergence of non‐state actors such as terrorist or extremist organizations challenges traditional forms of collective security. Threats from political extremism, terrorism, and outlaw organizations have grown in visibility during the past decade in the countries of Eurasia. The terrorist attacks of September 11 and the ensuing global war on terrorism have given added impetus to the Eurasian inter‐state cooperation in confronting non‐traditional threats and challenges from non‐state actors. Bearing in mind the theory of collective security, this article analyzes threats posed by non‐state actors with respect to Eurasian collective security organizations including the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures, and the CIS Collective Security Treaty Organization. The article concludes that the effectiveness of these organizations at achieving stated objectives depends upon their capacity to adopt new criteria of effectiveness.

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“…The Central Asian economies are dependent on the export of agricultural products and a few commodities like gas and oil to extra-regional markets. Thereby, they all share the fundamental infrastructure problems of landlocked countries at the periphery of the global market (Bobokulov 2006;Gleason 2001;Myant and Drahokoupil 2008). The Central Asian countries could improve their trade infrastructure and their standing on the global market considerably, if they cooperated with each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The region that isn't: China, Russia and the failure of regional integration in Central Asia

Krapohl

Vasileva-Dienes

2019

Asia Eur J

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The failure of regionalism in Central Asia is a puzzle. Whereas almost all world regions have seen a rise of regional organisations since the end of the Cold War, attempts to establish durable regional cooperation among Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan proofed unsuccessful. Although some of the Central Asian countries participate in wider regional organisations like the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the genuine Central Asian Cooperation Organisation (CACO) was dissolved in 2005. Given the cultural, economic and political similarities between the five Central Asian countries, this lack of a regional organisation is surprising. In contrast to previous work, this paper argues that the failure of regionalism in Central Asia is not so much due to domestic political factors, but more to the extra-regional economic dependence of the regional economies and the impact of external powers within Central Asia. Challenged by the rise of China, Russia uses the EAEU in order to preserve its hegemonic influence over the former Soviet Republics. By joining the Russian dominated EAEU, Central Asia's regional power Kazakhstan enjoys economic benefits which outweigh the potential gains of Central Asian cooperation within CACO by far. Consequently, Kazakhstan follows its extra-regional interests in closer cooperation with Russia at the cost of regional cooperation with its Central Asian neighbours. As a result, the Central Asian countries are unable to build up a unified regional block in relation to extra-regional powers like China or Russia.

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Inter-State Cooperation in Central Asia from the CIS to the Shanghai Forum

Cited by 42 publications

References 10 publications

Silk road, great game or soft underbelly? The new US-Russia relationship and implications for Eurasia

Silk road, great game or soft underbelly? The new US-Russia relationship and implications for Eurasia

Collective Security and Non-State Actors in Eurasia

The region that isn't: China, Russia and the failure of regional integration in Central Asia

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