Interaction analysis of countermeasures for the stack effect in a high-rise office building

Lim, Hyunwoo; Seo, Jungmin; Song, Doosam; Yoon, Sung‐Min; Kim, Joowook

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106530

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In other words, there may be other architectural or mechanical methods that are more suitable to a building's conditions. It is also important to note that some combinations of stack effect countermeasures have an antagonistic or negative effect [12]. Additionally, there needs to be a balance in reducing the overall stack effect and solving problems at local points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have investigated mechanical countermeasures based on the principles of HVAC pressurization [12,15,[17][18][19][20][21]. For instance, one study investigated whether the mechanical depressurization of the high-rise zones and pressurization of the low-rise zones of a high-rise commercial building via HVAC system could help reduce infiltration [6].…”

Section: Applications Of Hvac Pressurizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many countermeasures have been proposed for the stack effect. These can be categorized as architectural and mechanical methods [12]. Architectural methods aim to relieve the stack effect through construction or improving building design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, mechanical methods look to utilize existing HVAC systems or install new systems. That is, the stack effect could be reduced by attempting to re-distribute and transfer pressure from one building compartment to another [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HVAC Operation Schemes and Commissioning Process Resolving Stack Effect Problem and Adjusting According to Changes in the Environment: A Case Study in High-Rise Building in South Korea

Kim

Bae

et al. 2021

Energies

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Various problems often arise in high-rise buildings during the winter months due to the stack effect. In this study, the high-rise building of interest, located in South Korea, was experiencing constant loud noises in the winter due to the stack effect. Thus, we created a noise level reduction plan by creating a method for pressurizing the high-rise zones of the building according to outdoor conditions. To discover the appropriate pressurization operating modes, we applied a two-year commissioning process to the 50-story building of interest. The 1st- and 47th-floor elevator halls were identified to have the highest noise levels of all other floors. Prior to applying the reduction plan, the maximum noise level on the first floor with the HVAC system turned off was 85 dB(A) and with the HVAC system turned on it was 70 dB(A). Both values exceeded the criteria of 57 dB(A) for a lobby space of a commercial building. In the case of the 47th floor, the maximum noise level with the HVAC system turned off was 58.7 dB(A) and with the HVAC system turned off was 56.0 dB(A), despite the latter having increased airtightness performance and applying preliminary pressurization (i.e., HVAC operation mode 2). These values exceeded the criteria of 48 dB(A) for an elevator hall in a commercial building. Following this initial data, we determined to pressurize the high/mid-rise zones of the building according to the outdoor air temperature and wind velocity conditions, which we categorized into four types (i.e., HVAC operation mode 4). To this effect, the first-floor elevator hall’s maximum noise level was 56.6 dB(A), meeting the criteria, and the 47th-floor elevator hall’s maximum noise level was 49.5 dB(A), still exceeding the criteria but by an insignificant amount. Although the HVAC pressurization operation we utilized resulted in favorable results for the target building A, it may not be as effective in other new high-rise buildings, creating changes to the indoor air environment or to the energy costs in maintaining a building. However, for the purposes of resolving the stack effect, we believe that the commissioning process we took to optimize the HVAC operation that is presented here can be applied to other new and existing high-rise commercial buildings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Applications Of Hvac Pressurizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

HVAC Operation Schemes and Commissioning Process Resolving Stack Effect Problem and Adjusting According to Changes in the Environment: A Case Study in High-Rise Building in South Korea

Kim

Bae

et al. 2021

Energies

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“…Although there is an abundance of research on the stack effect and other vertical airflow phenomena in MUH, as well as an abundance of research on SHS exposure in MUH, studies examining whether SHS exposure risk increases at higher floor levels in MUH are lacking [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Tobacco smoke (a mixture of gases and particulate matter) is able to travel along surrounding airflows and generally rises, being warmer than the surrounding air [ 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Floor Height on Secondhand Smoke Transfer in Multiunit Housing

Gill

Anastasiou

Tovar

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure remains a major public health concern in the United States. Homes have become the primary source of SHS exposure, with elevated risks for residents of multiunit housing. Though this differential risk is well-documented, little is known about whether SHS exposure varies by floor height. The aim of this study was to examine whether SHS accumulates in higher floors of multiunit housing. Using validated passive nicotine sampling monitors, we sampled air nicotine concentrations on multiple floors of 21 high-rise (>15 floors) buildings in New York City. Within the buildings, measurements were collected in three locations: non-smoking individual apartments, hallways and stairwells. Measurements were collected in two winter and two summer waves to account for potential seasonality effects. We analyzed the percent of filters with detectable nicotine and quantified nicotine concentration (µg/m3). Higher floor levels were positively associated with both airborne nicotine measures, with some variation by location and season observed. In winter, the trends were statistically significant in apartments (floors ≤7: 0.022 µg/m3; floors 8–14: 0.026 µg/m3; floors ≥15: 0.029 µg/m3; p = 0.011) and stairwells (floors ≤7: 0.18 µg/m3; floors 8–14: 0.19 µg/m3; floors ≥15: 0.59 µg/m3; p = 0.006). These findings can inform interventions to mitigate the SHS exposure of residents in multiunit housing.

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Optimization method on brace arrangement of center brace steel frame structural system

Zhu,

Fan,

Pan

et al. 2024

Struct Multidisc Optim

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Interaction analysis of countermeasures for the stack effect in a high-rise office building

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

HVAC Operation Schemes and Commissioning Process Resolving Stack Effect Problem and Adjusting According to Changes in the Environment: A Case Study in High-Rise Building in South Korea

HVAC Operation Schemes and Commissioning Process Resolving Stack Effect Problem and Adjusting According to Changes in the Environment: A Case Study in High-Rise Building in South Korea

The Effect of Floor Height on Secondhand Smoke Transfer in Multiunit Housing

Optimization method on brace arrangement of center brace steel frame structural system

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