Interaction between 1,4-butanediol and ethanol on operant responding and the cardiovascular system

Gerak, Lisa R.; Hicks, Alissa R.; Winsauer, Peter J.; Varner, Kurt J.

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.10.044

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…(9). The intragastric administration of BDL (0.18 to 1.0 g/kg) elicited increases in MAP and heart rate that were similar to those reported following intraperitoneal and intravenous administration (9). In fact, the sympathomimetic cardiovascular responses elicited by the intragastric administration of BDL are consistent with its conversion to GHB by alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase in the liver and the subsequent activation of central GABA b and GHB receptors (9).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…and i.v.) (9). The intragastric administration of BDL (0.18 to 1.0 g/kg) elicited increases in MAP and heart rate that were similar to those reported following intraperitoneal and intravenous administration (9).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Recent publications have demonstrated that the cardiovascular and behavioral responses elicited by BDL require its metabolism to GHB via alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase (9,16). Like GHB, the dose-response relationships for BDL and MAP and heart rate are nearly identical following parenteral administration of BDL (0.18 to 1.0 g/kg, i.p.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…BDL is degraded to GHB in vivo by the same enzymes responsible for the metabolism of ethanol, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase (6)(7)(8). In fact, the behavioral and cardiovascular actions of parenterally administered BDL occur after its metabolism to GHB (8,9). Like GHB, BDL produces paradoxical responses in the CNS (i.e., sedation, decreases in response rates) and cardiovascular system (i.e., increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate) (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the behavioral and cardiovascular actions of parenterally administered BDL occur after its metabolism to GHB (8,9). Like GHB, BDL produces paradoxical responses in the CNS (i.e., sedation, decreases in response rates) and cardiovascular system (i.e., increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate) (9). Considering that both GHB and BDL are most commonly ingested orally by humans, we sought to characterize the MAP and heart rate responses elicited by the intragastric administration of each drug in conscious rats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular Responses Elicited by Intragastric Administration of BDL and GHB

Hicks

Varner

2008

Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction

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Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and its metabolic precursor, 1,4-butanediol (BDL) are widely used recreational drugs. Although most commonly described as CNS depressants, GHB and BDL elicit significant sympathomimetic cardiovascular responses (increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate) when administered parenterally. Given that humans most commonly ingest both drugs orally, we examined the dose-response relationships for intragastrically administered GHB and BDL on MAP and heart rate in conscious rats using radiotelemetry. The intragastric administration of GHB increased MAP. BDL increased both MAP and heart rate, and was approximately 10-fold more potent as a cardiovascular stimulant than GHB when administered intragastrically. Pretreatment with ethanol prevented the lethality of BDL. These data indicate that 1) both GHB and BDL produce cardiovascular responses when administered intragastrically, and 2) BDL is more potent and potentially more dangerous than GHB when administered via this route.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%