Interaction of Water Alkalinity and Stocking Density on Survival and Growth of Silver Catfish, Rhamdia quelen, Juveniles

Andrade, Luciana Segura de; Andrade, Rafael Luiz Barboza de; Becker, Alexssandro Geferson; Rossato, Liana Verônica; Rocha, Juliano Ferraz da; Baldisserotto, Bernardo

doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.2007.00118.x

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Nitrite concentration in tropical fish farming systems at low stock density is usually low (0.03 -0.1 mg L -1 ) (Andrade et al, 2007). Some metabolic responses are similar to those observed after acute exposure to nitrite in other neotropical species (Moraes, Avilez, & Hori, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Water quality and survival rate of Rhamdia quelen fry subjected to simulated transportation at different stock densities and temperatures

Bittencourt

Damasceno

Lui

et al. 2018

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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ABSTRACT. Transportation of live fish is routinely done in aquaculture; therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the water quality and survival rate of Rhamdia quelen fry (2.55±0.44 g) following 4, 8 and 12h of simulated transportation, at stock densities of 30 and 60 fry 5 L -1 and temperatures 15, 20 and 25 o C. Dissolved oxygen, pH, electrical conductivity, total ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, turbidity, total alkalinity and survival were analyzed. Temperature and time had a significant influence on ammonia, pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen levels, and fish died after 12 hours of transportation simulation when kept at 20 and 25ºC. The density directly affected the water quality parameters, such as the increase in electrical conductivity and turbidity, and decrease in dissolved oxygen and pH at the density of 60 fish 5 L -1 . In conclusion, the transportation of R. quelen fry should be carried out at temperatures between 15 and 25°C, for periods of less than 12 hours, and at stock density of up to 6 fish per liter of water so as not to impair the homeostasis of the fry, and consequently, their survival.Keywords: aquaculture; ammonia; loading densities; management; mortality.Qualidade de água e sobrevivência de alevinos de Rhamdia quelen submetidos a transporte simulado em diferentes densidades e temperaturas RESUMO. O transporte de peixes vivos é uma prática comum na aquicultura. Por isso, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a qualidade de água e sobrevivência de alevinos Rhamdia quelen (2,55±0,44 g) seguindo 4, 8 e 12h de transporte simulado, em densidades de 30 e 60 peixes 5 L -1 e em temperaturas de 15, 20 e 25 o C. Foram analisados: oxigênio dissolvido, pH, condutividade elétrica, amônia, nitrito, nitrato, turbidez, alcalinidade e sobrevivência. A temperatura e o tempo tiveram influência significativa nos níveis de amônia, pH, condutividade elétrica e oxigênio, e verificou-se mortalidades após 12 horas de simulação de transporte nos peixes mantidos a 20 e 25ºC. A densidade influenciou diretamente nos parâmetros de qualidade de água, tais como o aumento da condutividade elétrica e turbidez e a diminuição de oxigênio dissolvido e pH na densidade de 60 peixes 5 L -1 . Em conclusão, recomenda-se o transporte de alevinos de R. quelen em temperaturas entre 15 e 25°C, em períodos inferiores a 12 horas. E a densidade de seis peixes por litro de água não compromete a homeostase dos alevinos, e consequentemente sua sobrevivência.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Water quality and survival rate of Rhamdia quelen fry subjected to simulated transportation at different stock densities and temperatures

Bittencourt

Damasceno

Lui

et al. 2018

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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“…Ammonia is the main nitrogenous waste material produced from amino acid catabolism; in water, ammonia is reduced to NO 2 -by nitrifying bacteria before its conversion into nitrate (Costa et al, 2004). The concentration of NO 2 -is usually low (0.03 -0.1 mg.L -1 ) in tropical fish culture systems with low stocking density (Sipaúba-Tavares et al, 1999;Andrade et al, 2007), but an imbalance in either ammonia production or NO 2 -conversion to nitrate can cause NO 2 -buildup (Jensen, 2003). High NO 2 -levels may develop in aquaculture systems due to high fish density (Hargreaves, 1998) or due to fertilizers added to the water (Lewis & Morris, 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Survival, growth and metabolic parameters of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, juveniles exposed to different waterborne nitrite levels

et al. 2011

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High nitrite (NO 2 -) levels may develop in aquaculture systems due to high fish density, but studies of lethal concentration values and the effect of NO 2 -on metabolic parameters and growth are scarce. Consequently, in this study was verified the lethal concentration at 96 h (LC 50-96h ) for (NO . In addition, glucose levels in muscle and liver tissues were significantly lower in silver catfish exposed to the highest NO

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“…Alkalinity levels of 63 and 92 mg CaCO 3 L -1 did not affect fertilization and hatching rates, survival or growth of R. quelen larvae (Benaduce et al, 2008). The increase in alkalinity from 30 to 130 mg CaCO 3 L -1 without a change in pH or water hardness only decreased growth of R. quelen juveniles maintained at high stocking densities (Andrade et al, 2007). Larvae of P. lineatus and O. niloticus had better growth at an alkalinity of 30 mg CaCO 3 mg L -1 compared to 15-20 and 55-60 mg CaCO 3 mg L -1 (Rojas et al, 2001;Rojas & Rocha, 2004;Paes et al, 2011), but these studies used hydrated lime (CaCO 3 .2H 2 O) to increase alkalinity, which also changed water hardness.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 83%

Freshwater parameters in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, and their influence on fish distribution and aquaculture

et al. 2016

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This study analyzed the relationship between several water quality parameters (pH, hardness, alkalinity, turbidity, iron and manganese) levels measured over a 16 year period with fish distribution and aquaculture in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. The mean pH values were within a neutral range (6.5-7.5), but the maximum and minimum values reached inappropriate levels for fish farming in some cities. Alkalinity levels were very low (except in the southwest region of the state), which may have contributed to pH variation. Hardness, turbidity, iron (except the region near Caçapava do Sul City) and manganese were within safe ranges for fish farming; however, turbidity levels occasionally increased to levels outside the safe range. In conclusion, the water quality in the Rio Grande do Sul, in general, can be considered adequate for aquaculture, but the fish farmers must be aware of the methods to reduce turbidity, such as the use of calcium sulfate.Este estudo analisou a relação entre vários parâmetros de qualidade da água (pH, dureza, alcalinidade, turbidez, ferro e manganês durante 16 anos) com a distribuição de peixes e piscicultura no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O pH ficou em média em uma faixa neutra (6,(5)(6)(7)5), mas valores máximos e mínimos atingiram níveis não apropriados para a piscicultura em algumas cidades. Os valores de alcalinidade foram baixos (exceto na região sudoeste do estado), o que poderia contribuir para oscilações no pH. Dureza, turbidez, ferro (exceto na região próxima à cidade de Caçapava do Sul) e manganês ficaram dentro de níveis aceitáveis para a piscicultura, mas a turbidez ocasionalmente elevou-se a níveis fora dessa faixa aceitável e os piscicultores devem ter algum mecanismo para reduzi-los. Em conclusão, de forma geral a qualidade da água do Rio Grande do Sul pode ser considerada adequada para a aquicultura, mas os piscicultores devem conhecer métodos para corrigir a turbidez, como a utilização de sulfato de cálcio.

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Interaction of Water Alkalinity and Stocking Density on Survival and Growth of Silver Catfish, Rhamdia quelen, Juveniles

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

<b>Water quality and survival rate of <i>Rhamdia quelen</i> fry subjected to simulated transportation at different stock densities and temperatures

<b>Water quality and survival rate of <i>Rhamdia quelen</i> fry subjected to simulated transportation at different stock densities and temperatures

Survival, growth and metabolic parameters of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, juveniles exposed to different waterborne nitrite levels

Freshwater parameters in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, and their influence on fish distribution and aquaculture

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