Interactions between Lithium Growths and Nanoporous Ceramic Separators

Bai, Peng; Guo, Jinzhao; Wang, Miao; Kushima, Akihiro; Su, Liang; Li, Ju; Brushett, Fikile R.; Bazant, Martin Z.

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2018.08.018

Cited by 209 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…First, the reversibility and stability of Cu anode and MnO 2 cathode were individually investigated using a three-electrode cell under chronoamperometric (namely, constant potential) condition within above-obtained charging window to evaluate the Adv. In addition, it should be noted that the well-known dendrite growth issue which is harmful for long-term battery application with metal anode [12] does not exist for the Cu anode. 2019, 9,1901838 charging process, which could avoid the possible OER and HER, while galvanostatic technique (namely, constant current density) for the discharging process.…”

Section: Deposition-dissolution Mechanism Of Anode and Cathode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Universal Principle to Design Reversible Aqueous Batteries Based on Deposition–Dissolution Mechanism

Liang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

164

104

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cations), [1] as well as novel electrolytes with broadened electrochemical stability window such as the water-in-salt electrolytes. [2] Comprehending battery chemistries enlightened to battery performance improvement, which could be classified into two typical charge storage mechanisms for electrode materials, namely, insertion/extraction mechanism and chemical conversion mechanism. Thus, as for a full aqueous battery, three dominated working principles can be identified based on the reactions occurred in electrode materials. Specifically, the first is the rocking-chair type that both cathode and anode materials provide intercalation channels for ions, such as alkaline cation batteries. [1a,2a,3] The second is a mixed process, such as newly reported Zn 0.25 V 2 O 5 -Zn and LiMn 2 O 4 -Zn batteries, in which ions intercalation happens in cathode (Zn 2+ inserted into Zn 0.25 V 2 O 5 , Li + into LiMn 2 O 4 ) and the conversion reaction dominates in the counterpart anode (plating-stripping of Zn). [1c,d,2b] However, the third working principle, of which chemical conversion reactions proceed in both cathode and anode materials for aqueous batteries, has been scarcely explored, only including traditional leadacid batteries [4] and sporadic examples. [1b,5] Nevertheless, it is inspiring that the battery performance based on chemical conversion mechanism exhibits outstanding performance, such as high voltage, large capacity, and stable cyclability. [1b,4a,5,6] Thus, adopting conversion mechanism on both electrodes may open a new door to improve aqueous battery performance and it is of large potential to broaden the selection spectrum of electrode materials and electrolytes. However, to our knowledge, there is no systematic methodology to design batteries based on conversion reactions for both electrodes and the corresponding chemistry is far from being well understood.Electrodeposition is a powerful and versatile theme in electrochemistry, which enables diversified applications, such as materials synthesis and anticorrosive coating, by in situ synthesis of insoluble deposits at solid-liquid heterogeneous interfaces. [7] The deposition reactions can be triggered on specific conditions, kinetically and thermodynamically, including externally applied potentials, pH, temperature, and ion concentration variations. Various species, such as metals or metal Conventional charge storage mechanisms for electrode materials are common in widely exploited insertion/extraction processes, while some sporadic examples of chemical conversion mechanisms exist. It is perceived to be of huge potential, but it is quite challenging to develop new battery chemistry to promote battery performance. Here, an initiating and holistic deposition-dissolution battery mechanism for both cathodes and anodes is reported. A MnO 2 -Cu battery based on this mechanism demonstrates outstanding energy density (27.7 mWh cm −2 ), power density (1232 mW cm −2 ), high reversibility, and unusual Coulombic efficiency. It can be charged to 0.8 mAh cm −2 within 42...

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Section: Deposition-dissolution Mechanism Of Anode and Cathode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Universal Principle to Design Reversible Aqueous Batteries Based on Deposition–Dissolution Mechanism

Liang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

164

104

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“…[3,[13][14][15][16] These routes for suppressing "dendrites" or mossy lithium formation typically rely on the theoretical considerations, which were suggested decades ago, but are still in focus in current reviews. [14][15][16] At the same time recent observations of competing tip and root growth of lithium needles [17][18][19][20][21] and its microstructure revealed by cryo-TEM [22] contradict with many of suggested theoretical models.…”

Section: Electromigration In Lithium Whisker Formation Plays Insignifmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In this case the needlelike structures are, nevertheless, observed on the side-view of the electrode in Figure 3b, which provides a hint that the nonuniform electromigration current cannot be the primary reason for whisker-like deposition of lithium. Also, other morphologies of electrodeposited lithium are observed at various conditions, [21] and in these cases electromigration may play role in the morphology of the deposits. Also, other morphologies of electrodeposited lithium are observed at various conditions, [21] and in these cases electromigration may play role in the morphology of the deposits.…”

Section: Liclo 4 In Pc For the General Case Relation Between Migramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, previously reported data [29,35] on the suppression of morphological instability by Cs + and Rb + ions added to the electrolyte in small concentrations is most probably related ot other factors. Also, other morphologies of electrodeposited lithium are observed at various conditions, [21] and in these cases electromigration may play role in the morphology of the deposits.…”

Section: Liclo 4 In Pc For the General Case Relation Between Migramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to graphite, which has nearly constant surface area stabilized by a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) upon the first few lithiation cycles, "dendrites" create new surface in each cycle, thus the electrolyte is being continuously consumed for SEI formation on each battery charge. [14][15][16] At the same time recent observations of competing tip and root growth of lithium needles [17][18][19][20][21] and its microstructure revealed by cryo-TEM [22] contradict with many of suggested theoretical models. [3] In addition, non-uniform metal deposition leads to capacity loss due to so-called "dead lithium", which forms when such needle-or bush-like structures dissolve at the base during discharge and loose electrical contact with the electrode.…”

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Electromigration in Lithium Whisker Formation Plays Insignificant Role during Electroplating

et al. 2019

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Alexey A. Rulev, [a, b] Artem V. Sergeev, [a, c] Lada V. Yashina, [a] Timo Jacob, [d, e, f] and Daniil M. Itkis* [a] Plating of metallic Li results in deposition of needle-like structures, whose prevention is a fundamental challenge that currently restricts the development and application of high energy Li-metal rechargeable batteries. Over the last decades, a number of mechanisms were proposed to explain morphological instabilities of planar crystallization fronts. The suggested reasons for non-uniform deposition include Li + concentration gradients in the nutrient phase, accelerated electromigration to the tip of the growing needle, specific nucleation behavior, mechanical properties of the solid-electrolyte interphase, and many more. Here, we unravel the role of electromigration currents by adding indifferent cations (TBA + , TEA + ) to screen for non-uniform electric fields, thus, suppressing migrationdriven mass-transfer. Nearly full exclusion of electromigration currents showed no impact on the morphology of electrodeposited lithium. Therefore, the role of electromigration seems negligible, and electric field edge effects are undoubtedly not the main driving force for filament growth during Li plating.Today, lithium-ion batteries are the most wide-spread portable electrochemical energy storage devices. Often referred to as "rocking chair" battery, typical lithium-ion cell operation is enabled by movement of lithium ions from the negative (anode) to the positive electrode (cathode), while the reverse process occurs during charging. [1] [a] A. A. Rulev, Dr. A. V. Sergeev, Dr. glovebox with less than 0.1 ppm H 2 O and O 2 concentrations. The electrochemical measurements were performed with a BioLogic SAS SP-300 potentiostat/galvanostat.

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Dendrite Suppression by a Polymer Coating: A Coarse‐Grained Molecular Study

Kong

Rudnicki

Choudhury

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

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A major hurdle to the successful deployment of high‐energy‐density lithium metal based batteries is dendrite growth during battery cycling, which raises safety and cycle life concerns. Coating the Li metal anode with a soft polymer layer has been previously shown to be effective in suppressing dendrite growth, leading to uniform lithium deposition even at high current densities. A 3D coarse‐grained molecular model to study the mechanism of dendrite suppression is presented. It is found that the most effective coatings delay or even prevent dendrites from penetrating the polymer layer during deposition. The optimal deposition can be achieved by jointly tuning the polymer stiffness and relaxation time. Higher polymer dielectric permittivity and coating thickness are also effective, but the deposition rate and, therefore, the charging current density is reduced. These findings provide the basis for rational design of soft polymer coatings for stable lithium deposition.

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Interactions between Lithium Growths and Nanoporous Ceramic Separators

Cited by 209 publications

References 42 publications

A Universal Principle to Design Reversible Aqueous Batteries Based on Deposition–Dissolution Mechanism

A Universal Principle to Design Reversible Aqueous Batteries Based on Deposition–Dissolution Mechanism

Electromigration in Lithium Whisker Formation Plays Insignificant Role during Electroplating

Dendrite Suppression by a Polymer Coating: A Coarse‐Grained Molecular Study

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