Interactions of scopolamine and physostigmine with ECS and one trial learning

Davis, John W.; Thomas, Roger K.; Adams, Henry E.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(71)90029-1

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This would suggest that cholinergic modulation is vital to setting the dynamics necessary to encode new information. Similar selective encoding impairments have been shown in monkeys (Aigner et al, 1991) and in rats (Davis et al, 1971;Whishaw, 1989), and recently localized injections of scopolamine into regions CA1 and CA3 have both been shown to selectively interfere with encoding (Rogers and Kesner, 2003).In the hippocampus, extrinsic and intrinsic fibers are separated into distinct layers (see Amaral and Witter, 1989 for a review). The traditional trisynaptic model of the hippocampus depicts extrinsic information from the entorhinal cortex projecting to the dentate gyrus through the perforant path fibers, the dentate gyrus then projecting through the mossy fibers to region CA3, and region CA3 then projecting through the Schaffer collaterals to region CA1.…”

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confidence: 77%

“…Keywords perforant path; recurrent collaterals; presynaptic; muscarinic; acetylcholine Acetylcholine (ACh) has been shown to play a vital role in learning and memory ((for a review see Hagan and Morris, 1988;Rasmusson, 2000)). An extensive range of experiments using ACh agonists and antagonists (Davis et al, 1971;Ghoneim and Mewaldt, 1977;Kopelman, 1986;Hagan and Morris, 1988;Whishaw, 1989;Fibiger, 1991) indicate a vital role for ACh in the encoding of new memories. Selective lesions of the primary cholinergic input to the hippocampus using IgG-192 saporin have been shown to influence attention and various aspects of cognitive behavior (Baxter et al, 1997;Janisiewicz et al, 2004), including causing transient impairments of spatial memory function (Vuckovich et al, 2004), but they may not Corresponding Author: 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, Email: tkremin@gallo.UCSF.edu, .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cholinergic suppression of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal region CA3 exhibits laminar selectivity: Implication for hippocampal network dynamics

Kremin¹,

Hasselmo²

2007

Neuroscience

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ACh may help set the dynamics within neural systems to facilitate the learning of new information. Neural models have shown that if new information is encoded at the same time as retrieval of existing information already stored, the memories will interfere with each other. Structures such as the hippocampus have a distinct laminar organization of inputs that allows this hypothesis to be tested. In region CA1 of the rat hippocampus, the cholinergic agonist carbachol (CCh) suppresses transmission in stratum radiatum (SR), at synapses of the Schaffer collateral projection from CA3, while having lesser effects in stratum lacunosum-moleculare (SLM), the perforant path projection from entorhinal cortex (Hasselmo and Schnell, 1994). The current research extends support of this selectivity by demonstrating laminar effects in region CA3. CCh caused significantly greater suppression in SR than in SLM at low concentrations, while the difference in suppression was not significant at higher concentrations. Differences in paired-pulse facilitation suggest pre-synaptic inhibition substantially contributes to the suppression and is highly concentration and stratum dependent. This selective suppression of the recurrent excitation would be appropriate to set CA3 dynamics to prevent runaway modification of the synapses of excitatory recurrent collaterals by reducing the influence of previously stored associations and allowing incoming information from the perforant path to have a predominant influence on neural activity. Keywords perforant path; recurrent collaterals; presynaptic; muscarinic; acetylcholine Acetylcholine (ACh) has been shown to play a vital role in learning and memory ((for a review see Hagan and Morris, 1988;Rasmusson, 2000)). An extensive range of experiments using ACh agonists and antagonists (Davis et al., 1971;Ghoneim and Mewaldt, 1977;Kopelman, 1986;Hagan and Morris, 1988;Whishaw, 1989;Fibiger, 1991) indicate a vital role for ACh in the encoding of new memories. Selective lesions of the primary cholinergic input to the hippocampus using IgG-192 saporin have been shown to influence attention and various aspects of cognitive behavior (Baxter et al., 1997;Janisiewicz et al., 2004), including causing transient impairments of spatial memory function (Vuckovich et al., 2004), but they may not Corresponding Author: 5858 Horton Street, Suite 200, Emeryville, CA 94608, Email: tkremin@gallo.UCSF.edu, . Section Editor: Dr. Geoffrey Schoenbaum Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. always have strong mnemonic effects as some levels of hippocampal ACh may remain (C...

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confidence: 77%

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confidence: 99%

Cholinergic suppression of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal region CA3 exhibits laminar selectivity: Implication for hippocampal network dynamics

Kremin¹,

Hasselmo²

2007

Neuroscience

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“…The generality of these findings was extended by showing that amphetamine given 30 min before testing substantially alleviated memory deficits resulting from a variety of sources of forgetting including electroconvulsive shock and long-term spontaneous retention loss (Quartermain et al 1988). Other studies using pharmacological manipulations and other amnesic agents have also found recovery of memory within 20 -30 min after the drug administration (Davis et al 1971;Concannon and Carr 1981).…”

Section: Reactivation Alleviates or Reverses Memory Impairment Inducementioning

confidence: 88%

Memory reactivation effects independent of reconsolidation

Gisquet-Verrier¹,

Riccio²

2012

Learn. Mem.

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Memory reactivation is an important process resulting from reexposure to salient training-related information whereby a memory is brought from an inactive to an active state. Reactivation is the first stage of memory retrieval but can result from the exposure to salient cues without any behavioral output. Such cue-induced reactivation, although frequently used by neuroscientists to study reconsolidation, has seldom been considered as a process in its own right and studied as such. This review presents arguments indicating that memory reactivation has two main consequences: (1) to enhance the accessibility of the target memory and (2) to make the memory malleable. Accordingly, reactivation creates a transient state during which the content of the memory is easily accessible and can be modified and/or updated. As both of these aspects can be observed shortly after memory reactivation, this review emphasizes that reconsolidation is not necessarily required for these processes and calls attention to reactivation as a factor in the dynamics of the memory.Memory retrieval is a complex (multistage) process through which previously acquired information can be used, leading to a behavioral output. Memory reactivation is the first component of retrieval corresponding to the process through which a memory is triggered from a latent state to a state in which it can be retrieved. Reactivation is generated by cues that are either external or self-generated and occurs in two general conditions. First, reactivation is required for retrieval and for every operation that enlarges or modifies previous knowledge. This includes retraining, when coherent supplementary information is provided, extinction when the previously learned response is no longer reinforced, and more generally, all rule-shiftings, i.e., when the contingency governing the response is changed. As a result, reactivation is largely embedded with retrieval and this probably explains why these two terms are often used interchangeably in the literature.

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“…Gardner et al (1972) interpreted their data as showing that scopolamine SCL was mimicked by ECS and that ECS SDL was mimicked by physostigmine. Also, Davis, Thomas, and Adams (1971) obtained results suggesting that physostigmine might mimic the SDL effects of ECS . Interchangeability between the SOL effects of ECS and of cholinergic drugs was not observed in the present experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%