Interactive and synergistic behaviours of multiple heterogeneous microrobots

Abstract

Microrobots have been extensively studied for biomedical applications, and significant innovations and advances have been made in diverse aspects of the field. However, most studies have been based on individual...

Dynamically reversible cooperation and interaction of multiple rotating micromotors

“…† During the fabrication process, a cylindrical permanent magnet was placed 0.6 cm below the prepolymer for magnetic particle alignment. This is because the micromotor with aligned magnetic particles has better performance for responding to external rotating magnetic fields than that with dispersed magnetic particles, 48,49 and Fig. 1b shows the microscopy image of the micromotors with aligned magnetic particles.…”

“…After initial evaluation of a single micromotor, we focus on the cooperation and interaction between pairwise micromotors. In our previous work, 49 the interactive and synergistic behaviours of multiple micro-gears were studied in the low-frequency range (below 3 Hz) by taking advantage of the difference in critical frequencies, while in this work we investigated and theoretically analysed the reversible transformation between interactive and cooperative behaviours (Fig. 3a and b) in the frequency range below the critical frequency for micromotors (450 μm and 300 μm) with higher critical frequencies (approximately 15 Hz at a specific magnetic field strength).…”

Advances in Microfluidics: Technical Innovations and Applications in Diagnostics and Therapeutics

“…Interactive and synergistic behaviors of multiple microrobots were demonstrated using heterogeneous microrobots in rotating magnetic fields. 194 Such behaviors bear great potential for the independent execution of multiple tasks or the synergistic performance of complex tasks.…”

“…These bubbles can generate on-demand 3D propulsion through microstreaming when they are selectively excited at their individual resonance frequencies that depend on the bubble sizes. Interactive and synergistic behaviors of multiple microrobots were demonstrated using heterogeneous microrobots in rotating magnetic fields . Such behaviors bear great potential for the independent execution of multiple tasks or the synergistic performance of complex tasks.…”

Customizable single-layer hydrogel robot with programmable NIR-triggered responsiveness

“…Compared to previous work, 62 this paper presents advancements in the manufacturing technology of soft robots, enabling the reversible and programmable functionality of a single-layer hydrogel robot. Besides, if combined with flexible sensing, 63 multi-physical cooperative driving, 64,65 and therapeutic capabilities, 66,67 the single-layer hydrogel robot could realize the integration of diagnosis and treatment and environmental monitoring in the biomedical field. For instance, the integration of temperature-responsive color changes could potentially enable the realization of an unconstrained environmental monitoring system and locally driven soft robot systems.…”