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-This paper presents the deployment of a didactic workbench intended to support theoretical and practical studies addressed in subjects of undergraduate and postgraduate electrical engineering courses involving photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed system operates in real-time and is composed of a computational graphic interface operating in conjunction with a double-stage PV system connected to the power grid. Besides the PV array, the PV system consists of a step-up DC-DC converter, intended to track the maximum power point, and a current-controlled full-bridge inverter, intended to inject the energy produced by the PV array into the grid.
-This paper presents the deployment of a didactic workbench intended to support theoretical and practical studies addressed in subjects of undergraduate and postgraduate electrical engineering courses involving photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed system operates in real-time and is composed of a computational graphic interface operating in conjunction with a double-stage PV system connected to the power grid. Besides the PV array, the PV system consists of a step-up DC-DC converter, intended to track the maximum power point, and a current-controlled full-bridge inverter, intended to inject the energy produced by the PV array into the grid.
Resumo -Este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de ferramentas computacionais para o auxílio no ensino de temas relacionados às energias renováveis, envolvendo sistemas fotovoltaicos (FV). O comportamento estático e dinâmico do arranjo FV, suas funcionalidades e interações com as principais topologias de conversores de potência são abordadas e consideradas nas ferramentas propostas. As principais curvas características do arranjo FV, como corrente e potência por tensão (IxV e PxV) estão presentes e podem ser modificadas de forma dinâmica e interativa, auxiliando ambos, professores e estudantes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Adicionalmente, as ferramentas apresentam o funcionamento dinâmico dos sistemas FVs no seguimento da máxima potência extraível, a fim de permitir, de forma fácil e rápida, o completo estudo e análise de um sistema FV real. A partir de resultados experimentais e de simulação, os resultados provenientes da ferramenta proposta são comparados e confrontados, validando sua aplicabilidade. Finalmente, o conjunto de ferramentas educacionais para o ensino de sistemas FVs pode ser empregado tanto em sala de aula teórica, quanto em atividades práticas, auxiliando no aprendizado de sistemas FV. Palavras-Chave -Algoritmos de MPPT, Eletrônica de Potência, Ferramentas de Simulação, Ferramentas Educacionais, Sistemas Fotovoltaicos. 1Abstract -This paper presents a set of computational simulation tools to aid the teaching of topics related to renewable energies, involving photovoltaic (PV) systems. The static and dynamic behavior of the PV array, its functionality, and interactions with the main power converters topologies are covered and taken into account. The main PV array characteristic curves, such as current and power versus voltage (IxV and PxV) are included, which can be dynamically and interactively modified, helping both lecturers and apprentices in the teaching and learning processes. In addition, these tools show the PV systems dynamic operation for tracking the maximum available power in order to allow easy and 1 Artigo submetido em 28/02/2018. Primeira revisão em 06/04/2018. Aceito para publicação em 28/06/2018 por recomendação do Editor Marcello Mezaroba. http://dx.fastest learning and analysis of the entire system. Considering Matlab/Simulink and experimental results, the results from the proposed tools are compared and confronted, validating its operational feasibility. Finally, the set of educational tools support the teaching of PV systems in both theoretical and experimental activities for learning improvement.
Chemical bonds are one of the basic materials and are important in understanding the mechanisms and chemical reactions and other materials such as stoichiometry and so on. Chemistry bonding material is studied and understood starting from junior high school up to undergraduate students for the science majors at tertiary institutions. The many types of chemical bonds that may occur in the joining of two or more elements make the most of the learning for this material more difficult. In this paper the research designs and builds an application by applying the basics of chemical bonds as learning innovations to facilitate the understanding of studying chemistry. This application is designed using the SDLC (System Development Lite Cycle) system development model or system development life cycle. The SDLC model to be used is the systematic, sequential waterfall method in building software from this research. For the programming language used is Java and uses the MySql Database.
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